fa بررسی میزان آلودگی میکروبی آبهای سطحی رودخانه گرگر بر اساس استانداردهای جهانی آلودگي محيطهاي آبي آلودگي محيطهاي آبي پژوهشي Research <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رودخانه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرگر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاخه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شرقی رودخانه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کارون</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">است</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شمال</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شهر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شوشتر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">توسط بند میزان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاخه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">غربی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آن</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یعنی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شطیط</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">جدا</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">می‌شود</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با طی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مسافتی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حدود</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">78</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کیلومتر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مجدداً</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاخه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شطیط</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دز</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پیوسته</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و کارون</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بزرگ</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تشکیل می‌‌دهد. این رودخانه ضمن تأمین آب شرب شهرستان شوشتر، هفتگل و بخشی از رامهرمز و روستاهای آن در زمره یکی از قطب‌‌های بزرگ</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرورش</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ماهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">استان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بشمار</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">می‌‌آید. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">وضعیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آلودگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میکروبی آب</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رودخانه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرگر،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مقایسه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آلودگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میکروبی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ایستگاه‌‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بالادست</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پایین</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دست</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رودخانه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">همچنین</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مقایسه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با استانداردهای </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">EPA</span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> جهت تعیین کاربری‌‌های مختلف، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور </span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از 6 ایستگاه در طول رودخانه </span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نمونه‌‌برداری به صورت ماهانه </span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">‌‌ مدت یکسال صورت گرفت و شاخص‌‌های میکروبی شامل تعداد کل باکتری، تعداد کل کلی‌‌فرم و تعداد کلی‌‌فرم مدفوعی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان در هر 3 شاخص میکروبی را ایستگاه 2 بعد از محل تخلیه فاضلاب شهر شوشتر (بترتیب با</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> CFU/mL</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">10³&times; 24/15،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> MPN/100mL</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">82/68181 و </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">&nbsp;MPN/100mL</span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> 91/3380) کمترین میزان را ایستگاه 1 در بالادست رودخانه (بترتیب با</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">CFU/mL</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">10³&times; 8/2، </span></span>&nbsp;<span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">MPN/100mL</span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> 27/2627 </span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">MPN/100mL</span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> 73/1062) دارد. </span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نتایج</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آزمایش‌ها</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نشان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">داد</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاخص‌‌های میکروبی با توجه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تغییرات</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">فصلی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زمان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مکان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نمونه‌‌برداری</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متفاوت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بوده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">همچنین</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نظر کیفی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آب</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رودخانه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرگر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سطح پایینی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بوده است و جهت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مصارف</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انسانی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مناسب</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نمی‌‌باشد</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span><span style="font-family:B Compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span> The Gargar River is the eastern brunch of the Karoon River, which is separated in north of Shoushtar by regulatory dam (Bandmizan) from its western branch, Shotaeit, and is about 78 km later, join to the Shotaeit and Dez and create the big Karoon. This river, while supplying drinking water to Shoshtar, Haftgel, and part of Ramhormoz and its villages, is one of the great poles of the province&#39;s fish culture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial quality of surface waters of the Gargar River, compare the microbial contamination at upstream and downstream stations as well as comparisons with EPA standards to determine different uses. For this purpose, 6 stations were selected and sampling was conducted monthly within one year and microbial indices including total bacterial count, total coliform count and fecal coliform count were evaluated. The results showed that maximum of the 3 microbial indicators was at the station 2, after the sewage discharge of Shushtar (respectively 15.24&times;10³ CFU/mL, 68181.82, 3380.91MPN/100mL) and the minimum value was at the station 1 at the upstream river (respectively 2.8&times;10³ CFU/mL, 2627.27, 1062.73MPN/100mL). The microbial indices varied depending on seasonal variation, sampling time and location and the final results of this study showed that the water quality of river is inferior and not suitable for human use.<br> &nbsp; شاخص باکتریایی, آب‌‌های سطحی, رودخانه گرگر Microbial Indicators, Surface Waters, Gargar River 169 178 http://isfj.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1447-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mina Ahangarzadeh مینا آهنگرزاده m.ahangarzadeh@yahoo.com 1754305441 100319475328460029011 Yes South Iran Aquaculture Research Institute پژوهشکده آبزی پروری جنوب کشور Hossein Houshmand حسین هوشمند houshmand_h@yahoo.com 100319475328460029012 100319475328460029012 No South Iran Aquaculture Research Institute پژوهشکده آبزی پروری جنوب کشور Simin Dehghan madiseh سیمین دهقان مدیسه s.dehghan056@gmail.com 100319475328460029013 100319475328460029013 No South Iran Aquaculture Research Institute پژوهشکده آبزی پروری جنوب کشور Seyed Reza Seyed Morezaei سیدرضا سیدمرتضائی rmortezaei@yahoo.com 100319475328460029014 100319475328460029014 No South Iran Aquaculture Research Institute پژوهشکده آبزی پروری جنوب کشور