fa مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ تأثیر افزودن ویتامین C، آستازانتین و لسیتین سویا به جیره غذایی بر قابلیت لقاح و شاخص‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی مایع تخمدانی مولدین ماده ماهی آزاد دریای خزر (Salmo caspius) تكثير و پرورش تكثير و پرورش پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در تحقیق حاضر، اثرات افزودن ویتامین </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، آستازانتین و لسیتین سویا به جیره غذایی بر قابلیت لقاح (درصد لقاح و تخم‌های چشم‌زده) و فعالیت آنزیم‌های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">SOD</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)، کاتالاز (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">CAT</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) و گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">GPx</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) مایع تخمدانی ماهی آزاد دریای خزر (</span></span></span><i><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Salmo caspius</span></span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) بررسی شد. بدین‌منظور، 9 جیره آزمایشی مختلف: </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₀A₀L₀</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> (صفر میلی‌‌گرم در کیلوگرم ویتامین </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، صفر میلی‌‌گرم در کیلوگرمآستازانتین و صفر درصد لسیتین سویا)، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₃₀₀A₅₀L₀</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₇₀₀A₁₀₀L₀</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₀A₅₀L₆</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₃₀₀A₁₀₀L₆</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₇₀₀A₀L₆</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₀A₁₀₀L₉</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₃₀₀A₀L₉</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₇₀₀A₅₀L₉</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> فرموله شد و مولدین (05/0</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">51/2 کیلوگرم) به ‌مدت چهار ماه تغذیه شدند. پس از حصول رسیدگی جنسی و تخم‌کشی، مایع تخمدانی برای سنجش فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">AAE</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) و بررسی قابلیت لقاح آن، جدا شد. از مخلوط اسپرمی 9 مولد نر برای سنجش قابلیت لقاح استفاده شد. نتایج حاکی از افزایش هماوری نسبی و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">AAE</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> مایع تخمدانی بود</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> کمترین هماوری نسبی (38</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">640 تعداد تخمک در کیلوگرم وزن مولد)، فعالیت آنزیم‌های </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">SOD</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">CAT</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">GPx</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> (به‌ترتیب 60/67</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">33/816 واحد در میلی‌‌لیتر، 40/0</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">29/1 نانومول در دقیقه در میلی‌‌لیتر و 08/0</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">06/1 نانومول در دقیقه در میلی‌‌لیتر) در مایع تخمدانی ماهیان گروه </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₀A₀L₀</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> مشاهده شد که با سایر تیمارها اختلاف معنی‌داری داشت</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">(05/0</span></span></span><i><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">p</span></span></i><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">). بالاترین درصد لقاح و درصد تخم‌های چشم‌زده در تیمار </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₃₀₀A₁₀₀L₆</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> (به‌ترتیب 13/5</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">66/91 درصد و 3/1</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">63/87 درصد) به‌دست آمد که با تیمار آب شیرین (به‌ترتیب 16/4</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">66/77 درصد و 1/5</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">86/47 درصد) اختلاف معنی‌داری داشتند (05/0</span></span></span><i><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">p</span></span></i><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">). طبق نتایج این تحقیق افزودن 100 میلی‌‌گرم در کیلوگرم آستازانتین به همراه حداقل 300 میلی‌‌گرم در کیلوگرم ویتامین </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و حداقل 6 درصد لسیتین سویا می‌تواند موجب افزایش هماوری نسبی، قابلیت لقاح‌پذیری و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">AAE</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> مایع تخمدانی ماهی آزاد دریای خزر شود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">In this study, the effects of dietary addition of vitamin C, astaxanthin, and lecithin on the fertility ability (percentage of fertilization and eyed-eggs) and activity of SOD, CAT and GPx in the ovarian fluids of Caspian trout (<i>Salmo caspius</i>) were investigated. For this purpose, nine different experimental diets: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₀A₀L₀ (0 </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">mg kg^-1vitamin C, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0 </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">mg kg^-1astaxanthin and 0% soybean lecithin), </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C₃₀₀A₅₀L₀, C₇₀₀A₁₀₀L₀, C₀A₅₀L₆, C₃₀₀A₁₀₀L₆, C₇₀₀A₀L₆, C₀A₁₀₀L₉, C₃₀₀A₀L_9, and C₇₀₀A₅₀L₉ </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">were formulated and the broodstocks (2.51&plusmn;0.05 kg) were fed for four months.</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">After sexual maturation and spawning, the ovarian fluids were isolated to measure the activity of antioxidant enzymes (AAE) and to evaluate its fertilization ability. The sperm mixture of 9 male broodstocks was used to measure fertilization ability. The results showed an increase in the relative fecundity and AAE in ovarian fluid. The lowest relative fecundity (680&plusmn;38 eggs per Kg of broodstock weight) and SOD, CAT, and GPx (816.33&plusmn;67.60 u/ml, 1.29&plusmn;0.40 nmol/min/ml and 1.06&plusmn;0.08 nmol/min/ml, respectively) were observed in C0A0L0 which significantly different from other treatments (<i>p</i><0.05). The highest percentage of fertilization and eyed-eggs were obtained in C300A100L6 (91.66&plusmn;5.13% and 87.63&plusmn;1.3%, respectively) which significantly different from the freshwater treatment (77.66&plusmn;4.16% and 47.86&plusmn;5.1%, respectively; <i>p</i><0.05). According to the results of this research, adding of 300 mg kg^-1 vitamin C with 100 mg kg^-1 astaxanthin and 6% lecithin can increase the relative fecundity, fertilization ability and AAE in ovarian fluids of Caspian brown trout.</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> آستازانتین, تخم چشم‌زده, آنزیم آنتی‌اکسیدانی, لسیتین سویا, لقاح, مایع تخمدانی, ویتامین C Antioxidant enzyme, Astaxanthin, Eyed-eggs, Fertilization, Ovarian fluids, Soybean lecithin, Vitamin C 113 127 http://isfj.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1702-6&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Faraz Panjvini فراز پنجوینی f.panjvini@urmia.ac.ir 100319475328460034583 100319475328460034583 No Urmia University دانشگاه ارومیه Kourosh Sarvi Moghanlou کوروش سروی مغانلو k.sarvimoghanlou@urmia.ac.ir 100319475328460034584 100319475328460034584 Yes Urmia University دانشگاه ارومیه Raheleh Tahmasebi راحله طهماسبی r.t.tahmasebi@gmail.com 100319475328460034585 100319475328460034585 No Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research جهاد دانشگاهی واحد آذربایجان غربی Ahmad Imani احمد ایمانی a.imani@urmia.ac.ir 100319475328460034586 100319475328460034586 No Urmia University دانشگاه ارومیه