Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal مجله علمي شيلات ايران isfj Agriculture http://isfj.ir 1 admin 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 000000 000000 000000 fa jalali 1404 4 1 gregorian 2025 7 1 34 2 online 1 fulltext
fa مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ بهینه‌‌سازی استخراج آلژینات‌‌سدیم با استفاده از طرح ‌‌مرکب ‌‌مرکزی (CCD) از جلبک دریایی قهوه‌‌ای Sargassum angustifolium Optimization of sodium alginate extraction conditions using a central composite design from the brown seaweed Sargassum angustifolium بيوتكنولوژي و فرآوري هاي شيلاتي بيوتكنولوژي و فرآوري هاي شيلاتي پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">جلبک‌های دریایی قهوه‌ای منبع ارزشمندی از بیوپلیمرهای مختلف هستند که آلژینات به ‌عنوان یک فیکوکلوئید از اهمیت صنعتی بالایی برخوردار است. این تحقیق به منظور بهینه</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سازی استخراج آلژینات</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سدیم از جلبک دریایی قهوه</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ای</span></span></span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">Sargassum angustifolium</span></i><i> </i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">با استفاده از طرح</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مرکب </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مرکزی (</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">CCD</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) روش سطح پاسخ (</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">RSM</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a> با در نظر گرفتن متغیرهای مستقل زمان، دما و </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">pH</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> انجام شد. بازده استخراج آلژینات</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سدیم و میزان اسیدیورونیک پاسخ</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های مدل بودند. نتایج نشان داد که شرایط بهینه 4 ساعت، 90 درجه سانتی</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">گراد و </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">pH</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> 10 منجر به 64/34 درصد بازده آلژینات</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سدیم شد درحالی‌که شرایط بهینه برای بیشترین میزان اسیدیورونیک با 12/27 درصد در </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">pH</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> 10، زمان 4 ساعت و دمای 40 درجه سانتی</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">گراد به‌‌دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">pH</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> دارای بیشترین تاثیر در بین سایر متغیرهای مستقل بر پاسخ</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ها بود و به دنبال آن دما و زمان قرار داشتند. نتایج نشان داد که مدل</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">درجه</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">دوم قادر است، بازده آلژینات</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سدیم و میزان اسیدیورونیک را با </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">R<sup>2</sup></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">R<sup>2</sup><sub>Adj</sub></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">R<sup>2</sup><sub>Pre</sub></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> به‌ترتیب با مقادیر 9873/0، 9746/0، 9275/0 و 9744/0، 9489/0، 923/0پیش</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">بینی کند. افزایش </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">pH</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> منجر به آلژینات</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های با رنگ روشن</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">تر شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد، استخراج آلژینات</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سدیم با استفاده از طرح </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مرکب </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مرکزی برای بهینه</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سازی آن و بهبود شرایط استخراج، رضایت</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:85%"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">بخش بود. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <div>&nbsp; <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" > <div id="ftn1"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><a href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Response Surface Methodology (RSM)</span><span lang="FA" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></div> </div> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Introduction</span></span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Marine algae, with large size and wide variety of species, are marine ecosystems. They are cultivated both naturally and commercially in the coastal areas of the world. 25,000 tons of algae are produced worldwide each year and its economic value is about 6.5 billion, which appears to reach $ 1.07 billion by 2028 (Yang <i>et al</i>., 2025). Marine algae are mainly used as food in most Asian countries such as China, Japan, South Korea and North Korea, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam and Thailand, and for the first time in Japan in 1670 they were raised (Khan <i>et al</i>., 2024). Due to their high consumption in Asia, brown algae make up 47.3 percent of the world&#39;s cultivation level with 16.4 million tonnes (Nam <i>et al</i>., 2024; Radulovich <i>et al</i>., 2015).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Marine macroalgae are a sustainable raw material with antioxidant, antimicrobial, non-condensed, biodegradable and biological properties. The most important polysaccharide in algae cell is alginate (40 % dry weight), laminarin and fokoidan (Faidi <i>et al</i>., 2025). In algae, the percentage of alginate can reach up to 60 % dry weight. Alginates contain sodium, calcium, magnesium, barium and monomeric acid units D-mannuronic (M) and L-guluronic (G). Uronic acids are often organized in the forms of heteropolymer block (MG) or hemopolymer (MM or GG) (Fawzy <i>et al</i>., 2017).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Methodology</span></span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">From the shallow and lower parts of the tide of the rocky beds of the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea (Chabahar area), the <i>S. angustifolium</i> algae was carried out. The Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Atlas and Algae base platform data were used to confirm the species. The algae were washed with distilled water several times to remove impurities and algae sand. Then in the dry sun, they were powdered with a mill. Then, in polyethylene bags, they were transferre</span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">d to the laboratory under 10&deg;C (Fig. 1)</span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Figure 1: </span></span><i><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Sargassum angustifolium</span></span></i></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Central Composite Design (CCD) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize the process of extraction of sodium alginate in brown algae <i>S. angustifolium</i> by considering 3 factors or independent variables temperature (A), time (b) and pH (c) consisting of 19 points and 5 repeats at point the central was used with 19 treatments. In RSM it is selected for each domain variable. The third level as the central level or (0) is minimal and maximum (Table</span></span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:9pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="color:black">Table 1: Experiment design levels for independent variables using CCD</span></span></span></span> <table align="center" class="Table" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:153px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Control factors</span></b></span></span></td> <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:115px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Surface</span></b></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:28px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:12px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">-1</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:49px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:12px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">0</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:38px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:12px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">+1</span></b></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:38px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">A</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Temperature (&deg;C)</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:28px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">40</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:49px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:38px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">90</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:38px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">B</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Time (h)</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:28px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:49px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:38px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:38px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">pH</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:28px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:49px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:38px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">10</span></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Results</span></span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The results of the CCD test plan with 19 repetitions are presented in Table 2 to evaluate the optimum parameters of sodium alginate extraction from <i>S. angustifolium</i>. As Table 2 shows, the actual and coded values ​​of each factor and 19 experimental points include three repetitions of central points. Independent variables were the study of temperature (A), time (b) and pH (c). The second -degree polynomial equation shows the correlation between the independent variable and the responses. Multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed on experimental data and two multi -order multi -order equations were created in terms of encoded factors</span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> (Table 3)</span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">. Second -degree equations for alginate efficiency and acidic amount were obtained as follows:</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Alginate yield: 14.6029 + 2.0921 A + 1.0935 B + 9.3055 C - 0.41 AB + 1.6825 AC + 0.7995 BC - 1.15968 A<sup>2</sup> + 0.0553247 B<sup>2</sup> + 6.60732 C<sup>2</sup></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Uronic acid content: 14.0044 - 0.8655 A + 0.1275 B + 8.9599 C - 1.247 AB - 1.8205 AC - 0.413 BC - 4.59434 A<sup>2 </sup>+ 1.19566 B<sup>2</sup> + 4.29266 C<sup>2</sup></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><sup><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></sup></span></span></span><br> <div aria-label="Page Break" class="cke_pagebreak" contenteditable="false" data-cke-display-name="pagebreak" data-cke-pagebreak="1" style="page-break-after:always" title="Page Break"></div><span style="font-size:9pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="color:black">Table 2: CCD design from RSM and the observed responses; Sodium alginate yield and uronic acids (%)</span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span> <table align="center" class="Table" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Std</span></b></span></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Run</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Factor 1</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Factor 2</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Factor 3</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Response 1</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Response 2</span></b></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:12px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">A: Temperature</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:12px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">B: Time</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:12px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">C: pH</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:12px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Sodium alginate yield</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:12px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Uronic acid content</span></b></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black"></span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&deg;C</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">h</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">%</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">%</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">10</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">90</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">15.501</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">8.981</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">18</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">13.407</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">17.208</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">3</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">40</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">12.104</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">10.070</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">90</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">12.184</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">7.167</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">11</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">12.778</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">14.435</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">13</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">6</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">11.652</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9.278</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">7</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">7</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">40</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">10</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">26.902</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">27.881</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">14</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">10</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">31.487</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">27.547</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">90</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">10.559</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">6.489</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">3</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">10</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">40</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">11.183</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">6.122</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">15</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">11</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">16.318</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">12.608</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">17</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">12</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">14.277</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">13.027</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">13</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">90</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">10</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">34.648</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">18.743</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">12</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">14</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">17.257</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">16.196</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">15</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">40</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9.528</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4.035</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">19</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">16</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">12.825</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">11.413</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">16</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">17</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">14.75</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">15.304</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">18</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">40</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">10</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">23.689</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">25.223</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:33px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">6</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:40px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">19</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:116px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">90</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:68px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">10</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:143px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">31.435</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:127px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:18px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">23.296</span></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><sup><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></sup></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:9pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-weight:bold">&nbsp;<span style="color:black">Table 3: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for CCD model of sodium alginate extraction yield and uronic acid content </span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span> <table align="center" class="Table" style="width:594px; border-collapse:collapse; border:none" width="594"> <thead> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:11px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Source</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:11px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Sum of Squares</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:11px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">df</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:11px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Mean Square</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:11px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">F-value</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:11px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><i><span style="color:black">p</span></i><span style="color:black">-value</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:11px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Model of yield</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1123.64</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">124.85</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">77.75</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">< 0.0001</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">significant</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">A-Temperature</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">43.77</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">43.77</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">27.26</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0005</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">B-Time</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">11.96</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">11.96</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">7.45</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0233</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C-pH</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">865.92</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">865.92</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">539.28</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">< 0.0001</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">AB</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1.34</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1.34</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.8375</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.3840</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">AC</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">22.65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">22.65</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">14.10</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0045</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">BC</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">5.11</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">5.11</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">3.18</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.1080</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">A&sup2;</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">3.67</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">3.67</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.29</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.1646</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">B&sup2;</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0084</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0084</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0052</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.9440</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C&sup2;</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">119.29</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">119.29</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">74.29</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">< 0.0001</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Residual</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">14.45</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1.61</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Lack of Fit</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">7.20</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1.44</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.7952</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.6046</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">not significant</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Pure Error</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">7.25</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1.81</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Cor Total</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1138.09</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">18</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Model of uronic content</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">934.89</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">103.88</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">36.12</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">< 0.0001</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">significant</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">A-Temperature</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">7.49</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">7.49</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.60</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.1410</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">B-Time</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.1626</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.1626</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0565</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.8174</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C-pH</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">802.80</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">802.80</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">279.16</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">< 0.0001</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">AB</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">12.44</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">12.44</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4.33</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0673</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">AC</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">26.51</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">26.51</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9.22</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0141</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">BC</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1.36</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1.36</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.4745</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.5083</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">A&sup2;</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">57.68</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">57.68</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">20.06</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0015</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">B&sup2;</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">3.91</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">3.91</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1.36</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.2738</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C&sup2;</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">50.35</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">50.35</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">17.51</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.0024</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Residual</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">25.88</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">2.88</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Lack of Fit</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4.35</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">5</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.8703</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.1617</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0.9643</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:16px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">not significant</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Pure Error</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">21.53</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">5.38</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:none; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:167px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Cor Total</span></b></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">960.77</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">18</span></span></span></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:17px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Discussion and conclusion</span></span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Optimizing the process conditions to achieve maximum efficiency and uronic acid amount can be obtained by analyzing multiplication using utility function. Under the experimental conditions, the projected extraction efficiency of sodium alginates was 33.54 % and 0.956, respectively. High desirability (0 &le;d &le; 1) indicates better accuracy of independent variables in optimization. Both responses were empirically approved under optimal parameters, indicating that the model is sufficient to predict these responses and are comparable with other researchers: <i>Sargassum natans</i> 23 %, <i>Sargassum vulgare</i> 17 %, <i>Padina gymnospora</i> 16 %, <i>Padina antillarum</i> 22 %, <i>Laminaria digita</i> 29 %, <i>Macrocystis pyriffra</i> 26 % (Rhein-Knudsen <i>et al</i>., 2017), <i>Sargassum vulgare</i> 40 % (Sari-chmaysme <i>et al</i>., 2016), 19% <i>Sargassum natans</i> (Mohammed <i>et al</i>., 2018). Kanagesan <i>et al</i>. (2022) gained the efficiency of 13.55 % alginate by alkaline with 3 % carbonate extraction. Changes in alginate extraction efficiency among various studies, including the current study, may be due to differences in sargassum species, growth conditions, or extraction conditions (Khan <i>et al</i>., 2024). The efficiency of the extracted alginate is different among the brown marine algae, as these algae have physiological and metabolic processes that allow it to produce different metabolites. The concentration of nutrients in the environment directly affects the amount of polysaccharide in different metabolites. The production of polysaccharides is influenced by several factors such as species, age, sampling time and extraction method (El-Sheekh <i>et al</i>., 2024).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Conflict of </span></span></b><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">i</span></span></b><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">nterest</span></span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The authors declare no conflict of interest.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Acknowledgment</span></span></b><b>&nbsp;</b><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-weight:bold"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">The authors would like to thank the Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch for arranging the experimental samples.</span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> آلژینات‌‌سدیم, اسیدیورونیک, جلبک, Sargassum angustifolium Sodium Alginate, Uronic Acid, Algae, Sargassum angustifolium 41 56 http://isfj.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-206-14&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 akbar norozi اکبر نوروزی Aidanorouzi203@gmail.com 100319475328460040047 100319475328460040047 No گروه شیلات، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران mehdi shamsaie مهدی شمسایی drshamsaie@gmail.com 100319475328460040048 100319475328460040048 Yes گروه شیلات، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران laleh roomiani لاله رومیانی l.roomiani@yahoo.com 100319475328460040049 100319475328460040049 No گروه شیلات، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران Houman rajabi islami هومن رجبی اسلامی rajabi.h@srbiau.ir 100319475328460040050 100319475328460040050 No گروه شیلات، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران mehdi Raissy مهدی رییسی mreissy@yahoo.com 100319475328460040051 100319475328460040051 No گروه بهداشت و بیماری‌های آبزیان، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران