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مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ راهکارهای مولد سازی و تکثیر مصنوعی لارو ماهی باس دریایی آسیایی (Lates calcarifer) در شرایط اسارت Broodstocking and propagation techniques of Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) larvae under captivity conditions 1 1 تحقیق حاضر در ایستگاه تحقیقات ماهیان دریایی بندر امام خمینی(ره) در سال 1396 آغاز شد. هدف از این تحقیق تولید مولدین زایا و دستیابی به بیوتکنیک تکثیر لارو و تولید بچه ماهی باس دریایی آسیایی بود. در این راستا، بچه ماهیان نژاد تایلندی در سه سال متفاوت وارد ایستگاه شدند و پرورش آنها تا مرحله پیش مولد انجام شد. بعد از گذشت چهار سال از این پروژه، گله‌هایی از پیش مولدین ماده 3 و 4 ساله و پیش‌مولدین نر 5/1 ساله تولید شد و در تابستان سال 1401 این مولدین با روش تکثیر مصنوعی توسط تزریق هورمون تکثیر شدند. در خوزستان فصل تکثیر از اوایل خرداد ماه لغایت اواخر شهریور ماه در دمای 34-28 درجه سانتی‌گراد است. تخم‌ریزی ماهیان 40-36 ساعت بعد از تزریق در نیمه شب اتفاق می‌افتد. از هورمون LHRH-α2 به صورت تزریق درون ماهیچه‌ای برای تکثیر مصنوعی این گونه استفاده شد. میزان درصد لقاح، تخم گشایی و زنده‌مانی لارو 3 روزه ماهی باس دریایی آسیایی در ماه‌های مختلف متفاوت و به‌ترتیب 92-78، 93-82 و 85-75 درصد بود. از بهمن ماه سال 1401 لغایت تیر ماه سال 1402، 208 عدد مولد زایا به پنج بخش خصوصی در استان خوزستان و هرمزگان برای تولید انبوه بچه ماهی این گونه اهداء شد. نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد که رعایت اصول ایمنی زیستی مهم‌ترین اصل در اجرای برنامه‌های مولدسازی، اهلی‌سازی ماهیان دریایی جدید، پرورش و برنامه‌های بهگزینی است. همچنین گونه‌ باس دریایی آسیایی، از پتانسیل بسیار زیادی جهت تکثیر در شرایط اسارت و تولید انبوه بچه ماهی برخوردار است و می‌تواند به‌ عنوان گونه‌ اصلی ماهی دریایی به برنامه‌های کوتاه مدت برای توسعه پرورش ماهیان در قفس در آبهای جنوب کشور کمک کند. 2 The present research was started in 2016 at Bandar Imam Khomeini Marine Fish Research Station. The aim of this project was to produce fertile broodstock and achieve the biotechnique of larval propagation and fry production of the Asian sea bass. In this regard, the Thai fry strain were introduced in the station over three different years and their breeding was done until the pre-breeding stage. After four years, 3- and 4-year-old female pre-brooders and 1.5-year-old male pre-brooders were produced, and in the summer of 2022, these brooders were propagated by artificial reproduction method through injecting. In Khuzestan, the reproduction season begins from June to the end of September at a temperature between 28 and 34 ºC. The fish spawning occurs between 36 and 40 h after injection at midnight. The LHRH-α2 hormone was injected intramuscularly for the artificial reproduction of this species. The percentage of fertilization, hatching, and survival of 3-day-old larvae of Asian sea bass in different months varied between 78-92%, 82-93%, and 75-85%, respectively. From February 2022 to July 2023, 208 brooders were donated to 5 private hatchery sectors in Khuzestan and Hormozgan provinces for the mass seed production of this species. The results of the current project showed that the establishment of biosecurity is the most important principle in the implementation of breeding programs, domestication of new marine fish candidates, and selective breeding programs. Also, Asian sea bass has great potential for reproduction in captivity and mass fry production, and it can help short-term programs for the development of marine cage culture in the southern waters of Iran. 1 14 2023/10/1 1402/7/9 2023/12/31 1402/10/10 منصور طرفی موزان زاده Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran mansour.torfi@gmail.com مجتبی ذبایح نجف آبادی Mojtaba Zabayeh Najafabadi موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran zabayeh2005@gmail.com حسین هوشمند Hosein Houshmand موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran houshmand.hosein@gmail.com مینا آهنگر زاده Mina Ahangarzadeh موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran m.ahangarzadeh@yahoo.com رحیم اصولی Rahim Oosooli موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran rahimoosooli@gmail.com حمید سقاوی Hamid Saghavi موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran saghavieh@gmail.com شاپور مهرجویان Shapoor Mehrjooyan موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran shapoormehrjoo@gmail.com سید رضا سید مرتضایی Seyed Reza Seyed Mortezaei موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran rmortezaei@yahoo.com سید جواد حسینی ملایری Seyed Javad Hoseini Malayeri موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran Jhoseini1965@gmail.com محمود حافظیه Mahmoud Hafezieh موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran jhafezieh@yahoo.com همایون حسین زاده صحافی Homayoon HoseinZadeh Sahafi موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Iran Sahafi.hosein@gmail.com Hormone induction Artificial propagation Larviculture Asian seabass Livefeed القاء هورمونی تکثیر مصنوعی پرورش لارو ماهی باس دریایی آسیایی غذای زنده Almendras, J.M., Duenas, C., Nacario, J., Sherwood, N.M. and Crim, L.W., 1988. Sustained hormone release III. Use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues to induce multiple spawning in seabass, Later calcarifer. Aquaculture, 74:97–111. DOI:10.1016/0044-8486(88)90090-7.##Athauda, S. and Anderson, T.A., 2014. Effect of temperature and salinity on sex inversion in Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer): relationship with plasma sex steroids concentration and aromatase activity of gonad and brain. Aquaculture Research, 2012, 45:787–797. DOI:10.1111/are.12018. ##Athauda, S., Anderson, T.A. and de Nys, R., 2012. Effect of rearing water temperature on protandrous sex inversion in cultured Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer). General and Comparative Endocrinology, 175:416–423. DOI:10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.11.040.##Carrillo, M. and Bromage, N., 1989. The effects of modifications in photoperiod on spawning time, ovarian development egg quality in the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Aquaculture, 81:351–366. DOI:10.1016/0044-8486(89)90159-2.##Garcia, L.M.B., 1989. Spawning response of mature female sea bass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch), to a single injection of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue: effect of dose and initial oocyte size. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 5, 177–184. DOI:10.1007/BF00005126.##Guiguen, Y., Cauty, C., Fostier, A., Fuchs, J. and Jalabert, B., 1994. Reproductive cycle and sex inversion of the seabass, Lates calcarifer, reared in sea cages in French Polynesia: histological and morphometric description. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 39:231-247. DOI:10.1007/BF00005126.##Kailasam, M., Thirunavukkarasu, A.R., Selvaraj, S., and Stalin, P., 2007. Effect of delayed initial feeding on growth and survival of Asian sea bass Lates calcarifer (Bloch) larvae. Aquaculture, 271:298–306. DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.05.005.##Lim, L.C., Heng, H.H. and Lee, H.B., 1986. The induced breeding of Sea bass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch) in Singapore. Singapore Journal of Primary Industries, 14:81-95. ##Mozanzadeh, M.T., Safari, O., Oosooli, R., Mehrjooyan, S., Najafabadi, M.Z., Hoseini, S.J., Saghavi, H. and Monem, J., 2021. The effect of salinity on growth performance, digestive and antioxidant enzymes, humoral immunity and stress indices in two euryhaline fish species: yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) and Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). Aquaculture, 534:736329. DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.736329.##Mylonas, C.C. and Zohar, Y., 2007. Promoting oocyte maturation, ovulation and spawning in farmed fish. In: The Fish Oocyte. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 437–474.##Nacario, J.F., 1987. Releasing hormones as an effective agent in the induction of spawning in captivity of sea bass (Lates calcarifer). In.: Copland, J.W. and Grey, D.L. (eds) Management of wild and Cultured Sea bass barramundi (Lates calcarifer)., Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia, pp. 126-1 28.##Ospina-Alvarez, N. and Piferrer, F., 2008. Temperature-dependent sex determination in fish revisited: prevalence, a single sex ratio response pattern, and possible effects of climate change. PLoS ONE, 3e2837. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0002837.##Schipp, G., Bosmans, J. and Humphrey, J., 2007. Barramundi Farming Handbook. Department of Primary Industry, Fisheries and Mines, Northern Territory Government, 71 P.##Toledo, J.D., Marte, C.L. and Castillo, A.R., 1991. Spontaneous maturation and spawning of seabass Lates calcarifer in floating net cages. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 7:217–220. DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0426.1991.tb00599.x.## ##

مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ مطالعه عوامل موثر بر نگرش سالمندان نسبت به خرید و مصرف ماهی تازه در ایران Study of factors affecting the attitude of the elderly towards buying and consuming fresh fish in Iran 1 1 با توجه به نقش مصرف آبزیان در تامین سلامت جامعه و افزایش جمعیت سالمندان در کشور، در این پژوهش نگرش سالمندان نسبت به مصرف ماهی تازه و عوامل موثر بر آن مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور، پرسشنامه‌ای بر اساس مطالعه کتابخانه‎ای و نظریات افراد متخصص، طراحی و استاندارد شد. پرسشنامه‎ها به صورت الکترونیکی از طریق فضای مجازی برای افراد سالمند (سن 60 به بالا) ارسال شد.. بر اساس یک مدل پیش‌فرض، رفتار مصرف‌‌کننده نتایج نشان داد که 7 عامل کیفیت، نوع عرضه، درآمد، دسترسی، سوابق تجربی، سلامتی و راحتی مصرف به طور معنی‎داری بر نگرش سالمندان نسبت به مصرف ماهی تازه موثر هستند (۰۵/۰>p). ولی دو عامل قیمت و تبلیغات اثر معنی‎داری بر نگرش نداشتند و مشخص شد که نگرش سالمندان نسبت به مصرف ماهی تازه بر تصمیم به خرید و افزایش مصرف ماهی موثر است (۰۵/۰>p). بدین ترتیب، با تغییر و بهبود هر یک از عوامل موثر بر نگرش، می‎توان مصرف ماهی را در سالمندان افزایش داد. کیفیت و دسترسی از جمله عوامل بسیار موثر بر نگرش سالمندان نسبت به مصرف ماهی تازه بودند. لذا، با بهبود کیفیت و افزایش دسترسی به ماهی تازه در مناطق مختلف کشور می‎توان برای سهولت و افزایش مصرف قشر سالمند از ماهی تازه، گامی مهم برداشت. 2 Considering the role of seafood consumption in providing public health as well as the increase in the elderly population in Iran, the attitude of the elderly towards the consumption of fresh fish and the factors affecting it were investigated in this research. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed and standardized based on the library study and the opinions of experts. Questionnaires were sent electronically through cyberspace to elderly people (age 60 and above). SPSS software was used for descriptive statistical analysis and the structural equation model was used in Lisrel software for the intensity of the relationship between the structures. Based on a default model of consumer behavior, the results showed that 7 factors of quality, type of supply, income, access, experimental records, health, and convenience of consumption are significantly effective on the attitude of the elderly towards the consumption of fresh fish (p<0.05). Instead, the two factors of price and advertising did not have a significant effect on the attitude and it was found that the attitude of the elderly towards the consumption of fresh fish is effective on their decision to buy and increase their fish consumption (p<0.05), in this way, by changing and improving each of the factors affecting the attitude, it is possible to increase fish consumption in the elderly. Quality and access were among the most effective factors in the elderly's desire to consume fresh fish. Therefore, by improving the quality and increasing access to fresh fish in different regions of the country, an important step can be taken to facilitate and increase the consumption of fresh fish by the elderly. 15 23 2023/10/12023/09/27 1402/7/5 2023/12/312023/12/31 1402/10/10 بهنام فرجامی Behnam Farjami دانشگاه گیلان Iran behnamfarjamy@yahoo.com افشین عادلی Afshin Adeli دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان Iran afshinadeli@yahoo.com آریا باباخانی Aria Babakhani دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان Iran babakhani@guilan.ac.ir Elderly Consumption pattern Attitude Fresh fish Iran سالمندان الگوی مصرف نگرش ماهی تازه Adeli, A., Hasangholipour, T., Hosaini, A., Salehi, H. and Shabanpour, B., 2010. Tehran household preference of farmed fish consumption. Research Journal of Fishery and Hydrobiology, 5(2):129-136.##Adeli, A., 2014. Strategies for Iranian Fisheries Economics. Utilization and Cultivation of Aquatics, 8(3), 21-30. (In Persian) DOI:10.22069/japu.2019.14785.1429.##Adeli, A. and Shabanpour, B., 2007. Investigating the change in the behavior of Tehrani citizens in consuming aquatic products. Scientific Journal of Iranian Fisheries, 16(2):126-117. (In Persian)##Adeli, A. and Mirbagheri, V., 2017. Measuring the awareness of fisheries students regarding the benefits of consuming aquatic products. Scientific Journal of Iranian Fisheries, 27(6):92-79. (In Persian) ##Adeli, A., Hassannejad, M. and Saadat Far, M., 2021. Factors affecting the purchase of packaged marine products among the youth of Gorgan. Journal of Aquaculture, 10(1):80-71. (In Persian)##Aghili, S. M., Safari, R., Shabanpour, L. and Rahmani, M., 2010. Evaluation of the consumption market of aquatic and fishery products in Gorgan city. Fisheries Journal, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr Branch, 4(3):101-91. (In Persian)##Arsil, P., Ardiansyah, S. and Yanto, T., 2019. Consumers Intention and Behaviour towards fish consumption: A conceptual framework. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 255:1-7.##Dadgar, Sh., Haji Mirrahimi. D., Hafiziyah. M., Timuri. M., Nakoi Fard. A., Saidgar. M. and Sharifian. M., 2021. The amount of consumption per capita and the factors affecting it in West Azarbaijan province. ournal of Aquaculture, 10(1):81-95. (In Persian) ## ##Doorandish, A., Hosseinzadeh, M. and Nemat Elahi, Z., 2015. Investigating factors affecting fish consumption in Mashhad. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 9(4):197-219. (In Persian)##Effendi, I., Ginting, P., Lubis, A.N. and Fachrudin, K.A., 2015. Analysis of consumer behavior of organic food in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Analysis of consumer behavior of organic food in north Sumatra Province, Indonesia. pp. 44-58.##Fatemi, M., Babaei, S., Mobraei, F. and Mebraei, M., 2021. Factors affecting the pattern of aquatic consumption in households in Shiraz. Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology, 11(1):25-41. (In Persian)##FAO, 2022.The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2022. Towards blue transformation. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc0461en.##Ghifarini, A., Sumarwan, U. and Najib, M., 2018. Application of theory of planned behavior in shrimp consumer behavior analysis. Indepent Journal of Management and Production, 9(3): 984-1001.##Guney, O. I., Ozsahinoglu, I., Ercen, Z., Yeldan, H., Dikel, C. and Sangun, L., 2022. The mediator role of attitudes in fish choice behavior: A Turkish market survey. Food Journal, 11(3180):1-13.##Hosseini, S. and Adeli, A., 2017. Prioritization of factors affecting the behaviour of fish consumers (case study: Sari city). Quarterly Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology, 5(4):99-110. (In Persian)##Nosrati, S., Hayati, B., Pish Bahar, A. and Mohammad Rezaei, R., 2013. Analysis of the factors affecting consumption behavior of fish meat among households in Tabriz city. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 27(3):241-230. (In Persian)##Reyhani Pool, S., 2021. Analysis of the conceptual model of the behaviour of fish buyers (case study: west of Mazandaran province). Scientific Journal of Iranian Fisheries, 30(3):163-149. (In Persian)##Reyhani Pool, S., Adeli, A. and Alishahi, A., 2019. A comprehensive study of factors affecting the per capita increase in shrimp consumption in Tehran, based on the constructs of attitude and decision to buy. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 93(16):121-134. (In Persian)##Saidi, A., Cavallo, C., Del Giudice, T., Vecchio, R. and Cicia, G., 2023. Consumer preferences for finfish: A systematic literature review. Food Quality and Preference, 105:1-0. ##Sayadjoo, S., 2013. The role of nutrition (aquatic) in the prevention and improvement of aging diseases. Annual research conference of Semnan University of Medical Sciences.251. (In Persian) ##Supannee, P., 2020. Food consumption behaviors and associated personal and socio-economic factors in elderly adults, Northeastern Thailand. Malaysian Journal of Nutrition, 26(2):203-213.##Turkashvand Moradabadi, M., 2023. Population aging in Iran: results of prospective data mining. Islamic Council Research Center.51P.No:19210, Code:360 (In Persian) ##Verbeke, W. and Vackier, I., 2005. Individual determinants of fish consumption: application of the theory of planned behaviour. Appetite, 44(1):67-82.## ##

مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ اثر پساب مزارع پرورش میگو بر تنوع و تراکم جوامع ماکروبنتیک ساحل دلوار (استان بوشهر) Effect of shrimp farm effluent on the diversity and density of macrobenthic communities of Delwar coast (Bushehr province) 1 1 هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر پساب‌‌ مزارع پرورش میگو بر تنوع و تراکم جوامع بی‌مهرگان کفزی ساحل دلوار (استان بوشهر) بود. بدین‌منظور، نمونه‌‌برداری از رسوبات ساحل دلوار (۶ ایستگاه و 3 تکرار به ازای هر ایستگاه) به‌وسیله نمونه‌بردار گرب ون‌‌وین (15×15 سانتی‌‌متر مربع) طی دوره پرورش برای مدت 8 ماه (از اردیبهشت لغایت مهر ماه و دو ماه شامل فروردین و آبان به ‌‌عنوان شاهد) انجام ‌‌گرفت. همچنین دانه‌‌بندی رسوبات بستر، بافت خاک و نیز مجموع مواد آلی (TOM) رسوبات اندازه‌‌گیری شد. در این تحقیق 15 خانواده از بی‌‌مهرگان کفزی در 7 راسته و 5 رده شناسایی شدند. همچنین بررسی تغییرات بی‌مهرگان کفزی شناسایی شده، نشان داد که حداکثر تراکم در فروردین ماه (82±103 عدد در مترمربع) و حداقل تراکم در تیر ماه (41±70 عدد در مترمربع) بود. همچنین ایستگاه پنج با 40±115 عدد در مترمربع و ایستگاه یک با 40±62 عدد در مترمربع به‌‌ترتیب دارای بیش‌‌ترین و کم‌‌ترین تراکم بودند که تعداد تراکم کل بی‌مهرگان کفزی در 8 ماه نمونه‌‌برداری 581±15490 عدد در مترمربع محاسبه شد. با توجه به نتایج  حاصل ازاین تحقیق ، پساب مزارع پرورش میگو اثر معنی داری بر فراوانی و تنوع بی‌مهرگان کفزی ساحل دلوار ندارد. 2 The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of shrimp farm effluent on the diversity and density of macrobenthic communities of Delwar coast (Bushehr province). For this purpose, sampling was performed by Van Veen Grab sampler (15 x 15 cm2) during the farming period for 8 months (from May to October and two months including April and November as a control) from Delwar beach sediments (6 stations and 3 repetitions for each station). Also, the granularity of bed sediments, soil texture, and total organic matter (TOM) of sediments were measured. In this research, 15 families of benthic invertebrates were identified in 7 orders and 5 categories. Also, the examination of the changes in the detected benthic organisms showed that the maximum density was in April (103±82 N/m2) and the minimum density was in July (70±41 N/m2). Also, station five with 115±40 N/m2and station one with 62±40 N/m2had the highest and lowest density, respectively, and the total density of benthic invertebrates for 8 months of sampling was 15490±581N/m2. The results of this research show that the effect of shrimp farming effluents on the abundance of microbial organisms in Delwar coast is remarkable. 25 35 2023/10/12023/09/272023/10/18 1402/7/26 2023/12/312023/12/312023/12/31 1402/10/10 عبدالعلی ثناگویان Abdolali Sanagooyan دانشگاه زابل Iran javadmirdar@yahoo.com جواد میردار هریجانی Javad Mirdar Harijani دانشگاه زابل Iran javadmirdar@gmail.com احمد قرایی Ahmad Gharaei دانشگاه زابل Iran agharaei551@gmail.com محسن نوری نژاد Mohsen Noorinejad موسسه تحقیقات شیلات ایران Iran m.noorinezhad@gmail.com Benthic invertebrates Wastewater of shrimp farms Total Organic Matter Bushehr Province بی‌مهرگان کفزی پساب مزارع پرورش میگو مواد آلی رسوبات استان بوشهر Abbaspour, F., Mirdar Harijani, J., Gharaei, A. and Iezadi, G.H., 2017. Biological assessment of the Tang Sorkh River (Iran) using benthic macroinvertebrates. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 16(3):1008-1020. ##Akbari, H., Mortazavi, M.S., ForoughiFard, H., Seraji, F. and Akbarzadeh, G., 2002. Investigating the type of substrate and organic matter in the sediments and its relationship with the density and diversity of benthos in rearing ponds and stomach contents of shrimp in Tiab region of Hormozgan province. Research and Construction, 15(3):6-12. (In Persian)##Basson, P.W., Burchard, J.E., Hardy, J.T. and Price, A.R.G., 1977. Biotopes of the western Arabian Gulf. Marine life and environment of Saudi Arabia. ARAMCO, Saudi Arabia. 284 P.##Chan, F.T. and Briski, E., 2017. An overview of recent research in marine biological invasions. Marine Biology, 164:121. Doi:10.1007/s00227-017-3155-4.##Coles, S.L. and McCain, J.C., 1990. Environmental factors affecting benthic infaunal communities of the western Persian Gulf. Journal of Marine Environmental Research, 29:289-315. Doi:10.1016/0141-1136(90)90024-I ##Currie, D.R., and Small, K.J., 2004. Macrobenthic Community Responses to Long-term Environmental Change in an East Australina Sub-Tropical Estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 63:315-331. Doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2004.11.023##Delshab, H., Dehghani, A., Faghih, H. and Darvish, K., 2010. Study of the effluent pollution of shrimp culture ponds in Delvar and Helleh in Bushehr Province. Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 1(2):23-31. (In Persian)##Diaz, R., Rabalais, N. and Breitburg, D., 2012. Agriculture’s Impact on Aquaculture: Hypoxia and Eutrophication in Marine Waters. Journal of Du Counseil International Exploration, 24:542-551. Doi:10.1787/9789264088726-en##Ejlali Khanghah, K., Akbarzadeh, G.A., Rashidi, S. and Mousavi, S.A., 2017. Investigation of the Effect of Monson on Diversity of Macrobenthos in Iranian Coast of Macran Sea (Oman Sea). Journal of Oceanography, 8(29):87-101. Doi:10.18869/acadpub.joc.8.29.87##Eleftheriou, A. and Mcintyre, A., 2005. Methods for Study of Marine Benthos. 3rd Edition, Vol. 1004, Blackwell Science.465 P. Doi:10.1002/9780470995129##Esteki, A., Akbarzade, G.A., Mortazavi, M.S., Khodadadi, K. and Salimizadeh, M., 2006. Investigating the environmental effects of shrimp farms on Tiab creek in Hormozgan Province, Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal, 15(1):11-20. (In Persian)##Izadpanahi, Q., Owfi, F. and Haqshenas, A., 2007. Report of Persian Gulf Hydrobiology in the Bushehr Province Waters. Iranian Fisheries Research Organization, 100 P. (in Persian)##Jayaraj, K.A., Jayalakshmi, K.V. and Saraladevi, K., 2007. Influence of Environmental Properties on Macrobenthos in the Northwest Indian Shelf. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 127:459-475. Doi:10.1007/s10661-006-9295-5##Jones, A. B., Donohue, M.J.O. and Dennison, W.C., 2001. Assessing ecological impact of shrimp and sewage effluent: Biological indicator with standard water quality analyses. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf. Science, 52:91-102. Doi:10.1006/ecss.2000.0729##Kohan, A., Nasrolahi, A., Aienjamshid, KH. and Hasanzadeh Kiabi, B., 2017. Impacts of shrimp culture on water quality and some biological aspects of barnacle, Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) and oyster, Saccostrea cucullata (Born, 1778). Journal of Animal Environment, 9(3):331-336. (In Persian)##Manahan, S.E., 2017. Environmental chemistry. 10th Edition, CRC press, 874 P. Doi:10.1201/9781315160474##Meadows, P.S. and Campbell, J.I., 2013. An introduction to marine science. Springer Science & Business Media, 102 P.## Mirdar, J., Nikoeian, A., Karami, M. and Owfi, F., 2004. Study on meiobenthose abundance and their relationship with condition of sediment in northern creek of the Bushehr province, Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal, 13(2), 151-162. DOI:10.22092/isfj.2004.113750##Mortazavi, M.S., 1999. Investigating the ecological status of shrimp breeding ponds in Tiab region, Iranian Fisheries Research Institute, Oman Sea Fisheries Research Center, Chabahar, Iran. 76 P. (In Persian).##Nikooyan, A., 1997. Investigation of density, distribution, diversity and secondary production of marine invertebrates (macrobenthos) in Chabahar Bay, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Unit (PhD. thesis). 195 P. (In Persian)##Noorinejad, M. and Mohsenizadeh, F., 2000. Investigation of shrimp nurseries on the shores of Bushehr province (Khorkhan-Kangan), Iranian Fisheries Research Institute, Persian Gulf Fisheries Research Center, Bushehr, Iran. 60 P. (In Persian)##Omidi, S.,1999. Investigating the quality of the inlet and outlet waters of breeding ponds in the Helleh site, Iranian Fisheries Research Institute, Persian Gulf Fisheries Research Center, Bushehr, Iran. 59 P. (In Persian)##Omidi, S., Noorinezhad, M., Albusharif, A., Aeenjamshid, K.H., Haghshenas, A. and Marzbani, A., 2003. Investigating the effects of aquaculture on the environment in Helle and Mond areas of Bushehr, Iranian Fisheries Research Institute, Persian Gulf Fisheries Research Center, Bushehr, Iran. 71 P. (In Persian)##Papageorgiou, N., Arvanitidis, C. and Eleftheriou, A., 2006. Multicausal environmental severity: a flexible framework for microtidal sandy beaches and the role of polychaetes as an indicator taxon. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 70(4):643-653. Doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2005.11.033##Pazira, A.R., Salehi, H. and, Obeidi, R., 2018. Identification and investigation of species diversity and richness of the Gastropoda in intertidal zone of Bushehr Port coastal area (the Persian Gulf##waters). Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 18(2): 355-370. Doi:10.22092/IJFS.2018.117729##Pillai, N.G., 1977. Distribution and seasonal abundance of macrobenthos of the Cochin backwaters. Journal of Marine Science, 6:1-5.##Saraladevi, K., Sheba, P., Balasubramanian, T., Venugopal, P. and Sankaranarayanan, V.N., 1996. Benthic Fauna of Southwest and Southeast Coasts of India. The fourth Indian fisheries forum proceedings, pp. 9-12.##Schmid, M.K., 2006. Distribution and structure of macrobenthic fauna in the eastern Laptev Sea in relation to environmental factors. Journal of Polar Biology, 29, 837-848. Doi:10.1007/s00300-006-0122-9##Shakori, A., Savari, A., Nabavi, M.B. and Yavari, V., 2001. Investigation of Determining Physicochemical Factors on Polychaeta Density in the Subtidal Zones of Khuzestan Creeks. Iranian Natural Resources and Agriculture Sciences, 8, 11-25. (In Persian)##Singh, K.P., Mohan, D., Singh, V.K. and Malik, A., 2005. Studies on distribution##and fractionation of heavy metals in Gomti River sediments a tributary of the##Ganges, India, Journal of hydrology, 312(1-4):14-27. Doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.01.021##Tsutsumi, H., Fukunaga, S., Fujita, N. and Sumida, M., 1990. Relationship between growth of Capitella sp. and organic enrichment of the sediment. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 63,157-162.##Yaghoobi Namini, M., Salar ali abadi, M.A., Abdi, R., Valinasab, T. and Zornozabelmonteh, R., 2021. Study of biodiversity and frequency of polychaetes in the southwestern shores of the Caspian Sea. Iranian ScientificFisheries Journal, 30(2):75-91. Doi:10.22092/isfj.2021.124370 (In Persian)## ##

مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و ضد باکتریایی پلی‌ساکاریدهای استخراجی از جلبک Chlorella vulgaris در شرایط آزمایشگاهی Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the polysaccharides extracted from Chlorella vulgaris in vitro 1 1 جلبک Chlorella vulgaris یک ریزجلبک سبز آب شیرین است که دارای منابع غنی از متابولیت‌های ساختاری جدید و فعال بیولوژیک است. در این تحقیق، استخراج پلی‌ساکاریدهای Chlorella vulgaris به روش آب داغ انجام شد و بازده پلی‌ساکارید خام تقریباً 5 درصد وزن خشک به‌دست آمد. فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی پلی‌ساکارید استخراجی به روش مهار رادیکال‌های 2، 2-دی فنیل-1-پیکریل هیدرازیل (DPPH) و قدرت کاهندگی در 5 غلظت (375/0، 75/0، 5/1، 3 و 6 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر) مورد  بررسی قرار گرفت. پلی‌ساکاریدهای به‌دست آمده دارای فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی بودند. بالاترین فعالیت مهار DPPH 91/15 درصد در 6 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر و بالاترین قدرت کاهندگی در FRAP 781/0 در 6 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر (جذب در 600 نانومتر) بوده است. مهار رادیکال آزاد DPPH و قدرت کاهندگی BHA در غلظت 031/0 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر به‌ترتیب 78/39 درصد و 65/3 بوده است. مقدار IC50 برای مهار رادیکال آزاد DPPH و قدرت کاهندگی پلی‌ساکاریدهای کلرلا ولگاریس به‌ترتیب 342/22 و 79/45 بود. همچنین پلی‌ساکارید Chlorella vulgaris دارای اثر بازدارندگی 21 درصد بر E. coli در مقایسه با کشت شاهد پس از 18 ساعت انکوباسیون بود. پلی‌ساکاریدهای ریزجلبک C. vulgaris حاوی طیف گسترده‌ای از ترکیبات زیست فعال هستند و در مکمل‌های غذایی، واسطه موثری در از بین بردن رادیکال‌های آزاد خواهند بود و می­توانند به عنوان آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های طبیعی برای استفاده در مواد غذایی و دارویی بکار روند. 2 Chlorella vulgaris is a freshwater green microalgae, which is a rich source of novel structural and biologically active metabolites. In this research, the extraction of Chlorella vulgaris polysaccharides was done by hot water method and the crude polysaccharide yield was approximately 5% of dry weight. Antioxidant activity of the polysaccharide extracted by the methods of inhibiting 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH) and reducing power in 5 concentrations (0.375, 0.75, 1.5, 3 and 6 mg/ml) was investigated. The obtained polysaccharides had antioxidant activity. The highest DPPH inhibition activity was 15.91% at 6 mg/ml and the highest reducing power was 0.781 at 6 mg/ml (absorbance at 600 nm). DPPH free radical inhibition and BHA reduction power at the concentration of 0.031 mg/ml were 39.78% and 3.65, respectively. The value of IC50 for DPPH free radical inhibition and reducing power of Chlorella vulgaris polysaccharides was 22.342 and 45.79, respectively. Also, the polysaccharide of Chlorella vulgaris had an inhibitory effect of 21% on E. coli compared to the control culture after 18 hours of incubation. C. vulgaris microalgae polysaccharides contain a wide range of bioactive compounds, in food supplements they will be an effective mediator in scavenging free radicals and have the potential to be created as natural antioxidants for use in food and medicine industries. 37 47 2023/10/12023/09/272023/10/182023/11/6 1402/8/15 2023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/31 1402/10/10 زهرا یعقوب زاده zahra yaghoubzadeh موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، ، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی Iran za_yaghoub@yahoo.com رضا صفری reza safari موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، ، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی Iran safari1353@gmail.com Polysaccharides Chlorella vulgaris Antioxidant activity Antibacterial activity پلی‌ساکاریدها Chlorella vulgaris فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی فعالیت آنتی باکتریال Acurio, L.P., Salazar, D.M., Valencia, A.F., Robalino, D.R., Barona, A.C., Alvarez, F.C. and Rodriguez, C.A., 2018. Antimicrobial potential of Chlorella algae isolated from stacked waters of the Andean Region of Ecuador. IOP Conference Series, Earth and Environmental Science., Iop Publishing, 151:012040. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/151/1/012040##Chen, Y., Liu, X., Wu, L., Tong, A., Zhao, L., Liu, B. and Zhao, C., 2018. Physicochemical characterization of polysaccharides from Chlorella pyrenoidosa and its anti-ageing effects in Drosophila melanogaster. Carbohydrate Polymers, 185:120-126. DOI:org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.077##El-Naggar, N.E.A., Hussein, M.H., Shaaban-Dessuuki, S.A. and Dalal, S.R., 2020. Production, extraction and characterization of Chlorella vulgaris soluble polysaccharides and their applications in AgNPs biosynthesis and biostimulation of plant growth. Scientific Reports, 10(1):3011.##Elsalhin, H.E. and Abobaker, H.M., 2019. Antibacterial study of Chlorella vulgaris isolated from fresh water. EPH-International Journal of Applied Science, 5(3):23-27. DOI:org/10.53555/eijas.v5i3.115##Hussein, H.J., Naji, S.S. and Al-Khafaji, N.M.S., 2018. Antibacterial properties of the Chlorella vulgaris isolated from polluted water in Iraq. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 10(10):2457-2460.##Liu, F., Chen, H., Qin, L., Al-Haimi, A.A.N.M., Xu, J., Zhou, W., Zhu, S. and Wang, Z., 2023. Effect and characterization of polysaccharides extracted from Chlorella sp. By hot-water and alkali extraction methods. Algal Research, 70:102970. DOI:org/10.1016/j.algal.2023.102970##Mirzadeh, M., Arianejad, M.R. and Khedmat, L., 2020. Antioxidant, antiradical, and antimicrobial activities of polysaccharides obtained by microwave-assisted extraction method: A review. Carbohydrate olymers, 229:115421. DOI:org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115421 ##Prabakaran, G., Moovendhan, M., Arumugam, A., Matharasi, A., Dineshkumar, R. and Sampathkumar, P., 2019. Evaluation of chemical composition and in vitro antiinflammatory effect of marine microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 10:3263-3270. DOI:10.1007/s12649-018-0370-2##Pulz, O. and Gross, W., 2004. Valuable products from biotechnology of microalgae. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 65:635-648. DOI:10.1007/s00253-004-1647-x##Sedighi, M., Jalili, H., RANAEI, S.S.O. and Amrane, A., 2016. Potential health effects of enzymatic protein hydrolysates from Chlorella vulgaris. Applied Food Biotechnology, 3(3):160-169.##Silva, J., Alves, C., Pinteus, S., Reboleira, J., Pedrosa, R. and Bernardino, S., 2019. Chlorella. In Nonvitamin and nonmineral nutritional supplements. Academic Press. Part 3 Plant and Algae Extracts, pp. 187-193. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-812491-8.00026-6 ##Soleimani, S., Yousefzadi, M. and Arman, M., 2022. Antioxidant compounds in seaweed and their use in different industries. Journal of Plant Process and Function, 1:77-98. [In Persian] ##Song, H., He, M., Gu, C., Wei, D., Liang, Y., Yan, J. and Wang, C., 2018. Extraction optimization, purification, antioxidant activity, and preliminary structural characterization of crude polysaccharide from an arctic Chlorella sp. Polymers, 10(3):292. DOI:org/10.3390/polym10030292##Vazirzadeh, A. and Moghadzadeh, H. 2018. Optimizing the growth and amount of fat and chlorophyll of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and photoperiod using central composite design (CCD). Scientific Journal of Iranian Fisheries, 27(3):85-95. DOI:10.22092/ISFJ. 2018.117018##Wang, J., Zhang, Q., Zhang, Z. and Li, Z., 2008. Antioxidant activity of sulfated polysaccharide fractions extracted from Laminaria japonica. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 42(2):127-132. DOI:org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2007.10.003##Xiao, F., Xu, T., Lu, B. and Liu, R., 2020. Guidelines for antioxidant assays for food components. Food Frontiers, 1(1):60-69. DOI:10.1002/fft2.10##Yu, M., Chen, M., Gui, J., Huang, S., Liu, Y., Shentu, H., He, J., Fang, Z., Wang, W. and Zhang, Y., 2019. Preparation of Chlorella vulgaris polysaccharides and their antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 137:139-150. DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.222##Yuan, Q., Li, H., Wei, Z., Lv, K., Gao, C., Liu, Y. and Zhao, L., 2020. Isolation, structures and biological activities of polysaccharides from Chlorella: A review. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 163: 2199-2209. DOI:org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.080##Zhang, Y., Wu, Y.T., Zheng, W., Han, X.X., Jiang, Y.H., Hu, P.L., Tang, Z.X. and Shi, L.E., 2017. The antibacterial activity and antibacterial mechanism of a polysaccharide from Cordyceps cicadae. Journal of Functional Foods, 38:273-279. DOI:org/10.1016/j.jff.2017.09.047## ##

مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ مدل‌سازی پراکنش ماهی ‌سفید (Rutilus kutum Nordmann, 1840) تحت تأثیر تغییرات اقلیمی در بازه‌های زمانی 30 و 60 سال آینده Modeling the distribution of Rutilus kutum (Nordmann, 1840) under climate changes, over the next 30 and 60 years 1 1 با افزایش فعالیت‌های صنعتی بشر در مسیر پیشبرد اهداف اقتصادی-رفاهی، زیستگاه‌های طبیعی در سراسر جهان فشارهای بسیاری را به‌واسطه تغییر در سیستم اقلیم متحمل شده‌اند که از پیامدهای این رویداد می‌توان به انقراض گونه‌ها و کاهش تنوع‌زیستی در مقیاس جهانی اشاره نمود. در این راستا، ارزیابی تهدیدات حاصل از تغییرات ایجاد شده در اکوسیستم‌ها، نقش ویژه‌ای در مدیریت و حفاظت از آنها ایفاء خواهد کرد. در مطالعه حاضر، پراکنش آینده ماهی‌سفید (Rutilus kutum) به‌ عنوان یک گونه اقتصادی-خوراکی با ارزش، تحت اشرایط قلیمی خوش‌بینانه و بدبینانه در سال‌های 2050 و 2080 با استفاده از مدل مکسنت پیش‌بینی شده است. در این مطالعه، از مجموعه داده‌های جمع‌آوری شده از نویسندگان و منابع علمی مختلف در دسترس مربوط به یک بازه زمانی 50 ساله (2020-1970میلادی) استفاده گردید. همچنین متغیر‌‌های محیطی و اقلیمی مورد استفاده در مدل‌سازی از سایت www.worldclim.org استخراج و تهیه گردیدند. نتایج نشان داد، عملکرد مدل در پیش‌بینی پراکنش گونه براساس معیار AUC [1]، عالی (946/0) ارزیابی شد. به‌علاوه، نتایج مدل‌سازی نشان داد که پراکنش این گونه در تمامی سال‌ها و شرایط اقلیمی خوش‌بینانه و بدبینانه، به صورت قابل‌توجهی کاهش پیدا خواهد کرد. با توجه به این‌که ماهی‌سفید در سبد غذایی جوامع محلی از جایگاه ویژه‌ای برخوردار است، از این‌رو کاهش پراکنش آن در آینده می‌تواند تهدیدی برای امنیت غذایی و معیشت جامعه محسوب گردد. در نتیجه، حفاظت از این گونه، نیازمند برنامه‌ریزی‌های فوری، تصمیمات قابل‌اجرا و اقدامات مؤثر در خصوص حفظ و بازسازی رودخانه‌ها، کنترل اثرات منفی تغییر اقلیم و تلاش در جهت کاهش عوامل شتاب‌دهنده این پدیده بحرانی است.   [1] Area Under the Curve 2 Natural habitats around the world have suffered a lot of pressure due to the increase in human industrial activities in order to achieve economic-welfare goals, by changing in the climate system, and the consequences of this event include the extinction of species and the reduction of biodiversity on a global scale. In this regard, the evaluation of the threats resulting from the changes created in the ecosystems will be pivotal to their management and conservation. In this study, the distribution of Rutilus kutum was predicted under two optimistic and pessimistic scenarios of 2050 and 2080 by Maxent model. In this study, the set of data collected by the authors and various available scientific sources from a period of 50 years (1970 to 2020 AD) was used. Also, the environmental and climate variables used in the modeling were extracted and prepared from www.worldclim.org.The results showed that the performance of the model in predicting species distribution was excellent (0.946) based on the AUC (Area Under the Curve) criterion. In addition, it is predicted that the distribution of the species is likely to decrease significantly in all years and optimistic and pessimistic scenarios. Therefore, considering the importance of the sim species in the food basket and its positive effect on the livelihoods of local communities, reducing its distribution in the future could be considered a threat to food security. In conclusion, the protection of this species requires urgent planning, actionable decisions and effective measures regarding the preservation and restoration of rivers, controlling the negative effects of climate change and efforts to reduce the accelerating factors of this critical phenomenon. 49 61 2023/10/12023/09/272023/10/182023/11/62023/11/9 1402/8/18 2023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/31 1402/10/10 نجمه طبسی نژاد Najmeh Tabasinezhad گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران Iran Tabasinezhad@yahoo.com حامد موسوی ثابت Hamed Mosavi-Sabet گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران Iran mosavii.h@gmail.com حسین مصطفوی Hossein Mostafavi گروه تنوع‌زیستی و مدیریت اکوسیستم‌‌ها، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران Iran hmostafaviw@gmail.com Climate Food security MaxEnt Conservation Caspian Sea Rutilus kutum اقلیم امنیت غذایی مکسنت حفاظت دریای خزر ماهی‌سفید Abbasi, K., Moradi, M., Abdolmaleki, S., Fadayi, B., Kaymaram, F. and Ghasemi, S., 2015. 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مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ امکان‌‌سنجی رودخانه خیرآباد گچساران بر اساس شاخص‌‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی آب و داده‌‌های اقلیمی برای پرورش ‌‌ماهیان خاویاری Feasibility of aquaculture development of sturgeon farming in Kheirabad river of Gachsaran city based on water physicochemical indicators and climatic data 1 1 استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد به دلیل اقلیم منحصر‌‌به‌‌فرد خود دارای پتانسیل فراوانی در زمینه آبزی‌‌پروری است. با وجود این، به دلیل عدم شناخت منابع آبی در اقلیم‌‌های مختلف استان، بخش زیادی از این منابع به‌خصوص در مناطق گرمسیری بدون استفاده است که می‌‌تواند برای تکثیر و پرورش آبزیان سازگار با این مناطق از جمله ماهیان خاویاری مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. بدین‌منظور، بررسی رودخانه خیرآباد در شهرستان‌‌ گچساران در دستور کار قرار گرفت. بعد از مشخص نمودن ایستگاه‌‌های تحقیقاتی، نمونه‌‌برداری از آب برای بررسی عوامل دما، pH، سختی، نیترات، نیتریت، فسفات، BOD، COD، جامدات محلول، شوری، هدایت الکتریکی و همچنین بررسی داده‌‌های هواشناسی انجام گرفت. دما دارای میانگین 23-18 سانتی‌‌گراد، pH در محدوده 8-7، سختی 238-453 میلی‌‌گرم در لیتر، مقدار فسفر در دامنه 6/0-2/0 میلی‌‌گرم در لیتر، نیترات و نیتریت نیز به‌ترتیب در محدوده 1/2-1/1 و 06/0-01/0 میلی‌‌گرم در لیتر اندازه‌‌گیری شد. میزان BOD5 زیر10 به‌دست آمد که جزو رودخانه نسبتاً آلوده محسوب می‌‌گردد. همچنین میزان  CODو EC به‌ترتیب 25-6 میلی‌‌گرم در لیتر و1433-542 میکروموس بر سانتی‌‌متر مربع به‌دست آمد. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که مناسب‌‌ترین منطقه جهت پرورش ماهیان خاویاری پایین‌دست رودخانه خیرآباد است. از لحاظ هیدرولوژی نیز با توجه به این‌که در پایین‌دست رودخانه خیرآباد حد فاصل خروجی سد کوثر تا محدوده روستای معصوم‌‌آباد در نزدیکی مرز استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد با استان خوزستان (حدود 20 کیلومتر)، حداکثر دبی قابل استفاده جهت پرورش ماهیان خاویاری حدود 5/1 مترمکعب است (50 درصد حداقل دبی در گرم‌‌ترین فصل سال) و با در نظر گرفتن میزان تولید 1 تن ماهی پرواری به ازاء هر 5/4 لیتر در ثانیه آب و نیز با رعایت فاصله حدود 5 کیلومتری جهت احداث مزارع پرورش ماهیان خاویاری به منظور خودپالایی حداکثری رودخانه، می‌‌توان نسبت به صدور مجوز جهت احداث 4 مزرعه با ظرفیت تولید کل 1200 تن ماهی خاویاری مشخصاً فیل‌‌ماهی اقدام نمود. 2 Due to its unique climate, the province of Kohgiluyeh and Boyar Ahmad has a lot of potential in aquaculture. However, due to the lack of knowledge of water resources in different climates of the province, a large part of these resources, are unused, especially in tropical regions, which can be used for fish farming, including sturgeon fish. In this regard, the investigation of the khairabad river in the cities of Gachsaran were done in this project. For this purpose, the investigation of Khairabad river in Gachsaran city was investigated.  after identifying the research stations, regular sampling was done to check the physicochemical characteristics of water and as well as record and analyze meteorological and climatic data. The temperature was 18-23°C, pH in the range of 7-8, hardness 453-238 mg/l, phosphorus 0.2-0.6 mg/l, nitrate and nitrite  respectively were in the range of 1.2 to 1.2 and 0.01 to 0.06 mg/l. The BOD level was below 10 mg/l, which is considered as a relatively polluted river. Also, the COD and EC levels were meseaured 6-25 mg/l and 542-1433 µS/cm, respectively.  The results indicated that the most suitable area for sturgeon farming is downstream of Khairabad river, which of course requires the use of various mechanization methods to reduce the bacterial load of water, remove heavy metals, aeration and also use wells. It is a drain. Considering that in the lower reaches of the Khairabad river, the distance from the outlet of the Kausar Dam to the area of Masoum Abad village, near the border of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces with Khuzestan province (about 20 km), the maximum flow that can be used for sturgeon farming, especially bleuga, is about 1.5 m3/s (50% of the minimum discharge in the summer) and taking into account 4.5 l/s of water for the production of 1000 kg of sturgeon fish and also Keeping a distance of about 5 km for the construction of sturgeon farms in order to maximize the self-purification of the river, it is possible to issue a license to build 4 farms with a total production capacity of 1200 tons of beluga. 63 77 2023/10/12023/09/272023/10/182023/11/62023/11/92023/09/26 1402/7/4 2023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/31 1402/10/10 سید عبدالحمید حسینی seyed abdolhamid hosseini مرکز تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد ماهیان سردابی شهید مطهری یاسوج Iran hoseiniabdolhamid@gmail.com ابوالحسن راستیان نسب abolhassan rastiannasab مرکز تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد ماهیان سردابی شهید مطهری یاسوج Iran hassanrastiannasab@gmail.com محمدمیثم صلاحی اردکانی mohammad meysam salahi ardakani مرکز تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد ماهیان سردابی شهید مطهری یاسوج Iran mmsalahi.a@gmail.com فروغ گندمکار forogh gandomkar دانشگاه شهرکرد Iran f.gandomkar1376@gmail.com اسماعیل کاظمی esmaeel kazemi مرکز تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد ماهیان سردابی شهید مطهری یاسوج Iran esmaeil.kazemi.1986@gmail.com Feasibility Khairabad river Physicochemical parameters Climatic data Sturgeon امکان‌‌سنجی رودخانه خیرآباد عوامل فیزیکی و شیمیایی داده‌‌های اقلیمی ماهیان خاویاری Abdolmalaki, S., Khoshghalb, M., Mosavi, S. and Alizadeh, M., 2020. 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مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ ارزش غذایی، فیتوشیمیایی و وضعیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی مخلوط ماکروجلبک‌های قهوه‌ای Sargassum ilicifolium، Nizimuddinia zanardini،Cystoseira indica و Padina australis Nutitional value, phytochemical, and antioxidant status of a mixed extract of brown macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium, Nizimuddinia zanardini, Cystoseira indica, and Padina australis 1 1 تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی ارزش غذایی (ترکیب تقریبی، اسید آمینه و اسید چرب)، فیتوشیمیایی (استرول، فنل و فلانووئید) و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی (دی‌فنیل پیکریل هیدرازیل؛ DPPH) عصاره آبی مخلوط ماکروجلبک‌های قهوه‌ایSargassum ilicifolium، Nizimuddinia zanardini، Cystoseira indica و Padina australis بود. در این مطالعه، پس از جمع‌آوری ماکروجلبک‌ها، آنها شستشو و خشک شدند و سپس به نسبت کمی 1:1:1 با هم ترکیب و به صورت پودر در آمدند. میزان پروتئین، چربی، کربوهیدرات، خاکستر و رطوبت به‌ترتیب 38/6، 30/1، 86/0،10/5 و 20/2 و 46/85 گرم در 100 گرم وزن تر مخلوط و میزان انرژی خام 86/4238 کالری بر گرم مخلوط بود. اسیدهای چرب اشباع شده غالب در مخلوط ماکروجلبک‌های مورد آزمایش به‌ترتیب اسید پالمیتیک (89/0±11/15 درصد)، مریستیک اسید (28/0±51/10درصد) و اسید استئاریک (43/0±54/8 درصد) بود. از بین اسیدهای چرب بلند زنجیره اشباع‌نشده (PUFA)، به‌ترتیب آراشیدونیک‌ اسید (23/4±48/20 درصد)، لینولئیک اسید (12/6±32/18 درصد) و آلفا‌لینولنیک اسید (78/0±50/6 درصد) غالب بود. مجموع اسید آمینه ضروری و غیر‌ضروری به‌ترتیب 88/7 و 41/11 اسید آمینه بر 100 گرم نمونه بود. گلوتامیک اسید (02/0±12/4 اسید آمینه بر 100 گرم نمونه)، اسید آسپارتیک (05/0±71/1‌گرم اسید‌آمینه بر 100 گرم نمونه) و سرین (09/0±64/1 گرم اسید ‌آمینه بر 100 گرم نمونه) به‌ترتیب جزو اسید‌ آمینه غیر‌ضروری غالب بود. استرول غالب سیتوستانول بود. میزان استرول کل 18/12± 54/234 میلی‌گرم بر 100 گرم ماده خشک بود. میزان فنل، فلاونوئید و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی عصاره آبی مخلوط به‌ترتیب، /7±46/83 میلی‌گرم اسید گالیک بر گرم عصاره، 98/0±01/10 میلی‌گرم کوئرستین بر گرم عصاره خشک و 28/11±87/1323 میکرومول ترولکس بر گرم عصاره بود. در کل، نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که به دلیل وجود اسیدهای چرب PUFA، تعادل بین اسیدهای آمینه غیرضروری و ضروری، استرول و آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های طبیعی، استفاده از مخلوط ماکروجلبک‌های قهوه‌ای S. ilicifolium، N. zanardini، C. indica و P. australis در صنایع غذایی و دارویی، توصیه می‌گردد. 2 The purpose of this research is to investigate the nutritional value (approximate composition, amino acid and fatty acid), phytochemical (sterol, phenol and flavonoid) and antioxidant activity (diphenylpicrylhydrazyl; DPPH) of mixed aqueous extract of brown macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium, Nizimuddinia zanardini, Cystoseira indica, and  Padina australis. In this study, after collecting the macroalgae, they were washed and dried, and then they were combined in a quantitative ratio of 1:1:1 and turned into powder. The amount of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, and  the amount of raw energy are 6.38, 1.30, 0.86, 5.10, 2.20, 85.46 g/100 g wet weight of the mixture, and 4238.86 cal/g respectively. The predominant saturated fatty acids in the tested macroalgae mixture were palmitic acid (15.11±0.89%), myristic acid (10.51±0.28%) and stearic acid (8.54±0.43%), respectively. Among the long chain unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), arachidonic acid (20.48±4.23%), linoleic acid (18.32±6.12%) and alpha-linolenic acid (6.50±0.78%) were dominant respectively. The total amount of essential and non-essential amino acids was 7.88 and 11.41 amino acids/100 g of sample, respectively. Glutamic acid (4.12±0.02 g AA/100 g of sample), aspartic acid (1.71±0.05 g AA/100 g of sample) and serine (1.64±0.09 g AA/100 g of sample) by non-essential amino acid were dominant respectively. The predominant sterol was sitostanol. The amount of total sterol was 234.54 ± 12.18 mg/100 g dry matter. The amount of phenol, flavonoid and antioxidant activity of mixed aqueous extract, was 83.46.7 ± 7 mg GAE /g of extract, 10.01 ± 0.98 mg of QE g dry extract and 1323.87 ± 11.28 µmol TE/g respectively. Overall, the results of this study showed that due to the presence of PUFA, the balance between essential and essential amino acids, sterols and natural antioxidants, using the macroalgae mixture of S. ilicifolium, N. zanardini, C. indica and P. australisis recommended in food and pharmaceutical industries. 79 94 2023/10/12023/09/272023/10/182023/11/62023/11/92023/09/262023/11/18 1402/8/27 2023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/31 1402/10/10 اشکان اژدری ashkan ajdri سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، مرکز تحقیقات شیلات آبهای دور چابهار، چابهار، ایران Iran a.ajdari2020@gmail.com پریا اکبری Paria Akbary دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی چابهار Iran paria.akbary@gmail.com Macroalgae extract Nutritional value Sterol phenol Antioxidant status عصاره ماکروجلبک ارزش غذایی استرول فنل وضعیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی Akbary, P., Gholamhosseini, A., Ali, M.M., Aminikhoei, Z., Tavabe, K.R. and Kuchaksaraei, B.S., 2020. 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مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ اثرات کلرید کبالت و ویتامین C جیره بر عملکرد رشد و برخی شاخص‌های خونی و بیوشیمیایی تاس‌ماهی سیبری (Acipenser baerii) Effects of dietary cobalt chloride and vitamin C on growth performance, some hematological and biochemical indices in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) 1 1 در این بررسی، اثرات کلرید کبالت (CoCl2) با دو سطح 2 و 4 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم و ویتامین C با غلظت‌های 200 و 800 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم جیره و غلظت‌‌های ترکیبی آنها در 9 تیمار و هر تیمار با 3 تکرار روی 270 تاس‌‌ماهی سیبری (Acipenser baerii) با میانگین وزن اولیه 29/0±51/11 گرم طی مدت 12 هفته آزمایش شد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل، میانگین وزن و طول نهایی ماهیان در غلظت 4 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم CoCl2 نسبت به شاهد به‌‌ طور معنی‌‌داری بیشتر بود (05/0p<). در وزن کسب‌‌شده، افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی بین تیمارها و شاهد اختلاف معنی‌‌داری مشاهده نشد (05/0p>). نتایج شاخص‌های خونی و بیوشیمیایی نشان داد که بیشترین تعداد گلبول‌‌های قرمز و سفید به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای 2 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم  + CoCl2200 و 800 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم ویتامین C مشاهده گردید. بیشترین درصد نوتروفیل در تیمار 800 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم ویتامین C مشاهده شد که با تیمارهای 2 CoCl2، 800 C + 4 CoCl2، 800 C + 2 CoCl2، 200 C + 4 CoCl2  و شاهد، اختلاف معنی‌‌داری داشت (05/0p<). درصد لنفوسیت در تیمارهای 800 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم ویتامین C و 2 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم  + CoCl2800 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم ویتامین C، با شاهد، اختلاف معنی‌‌داری داشت (05/0p<). کمترین درصد مونوسیت در گروه شاهد بود. بیشترین درصد ائوزینوفیل در تیمار 800 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم ویتامین C و 2 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم  + CoCl2800 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم ویتامین C در مقایسه با گروه شاهد و سایر تیمارها بود. بیشترین میزان تری‌گلیسرید و کلسترول به‌ترتیب در غلظت‌‌های 4 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم + CoCl2 200 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم ویتامین C و 4 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم CoCl2 مشاهده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از ویتامین C و کلرید کبالت به صورت مجزا و ترکیبی در محدوده وزنی مورد نظر اثرات معنی‌داری بر بسیاری از شاخص‌های رشد طی دوره پرورش داشت. اثر ویتامین C بر شاخص‌های مورد مطالعه در مقایسه با کلرید کبالت بیشتر بود. اثرات مثبت تیمارهای ترکیبی در اغلب شاخص‌ها بیشتر از تیمارهای مجزا بود. نهایتاً، جیره غذایی حاوی 4 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم + CoCl2 200 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم ویتامین C برای پرورش تاس‌ماهی سیبری جوان مناسب قلمداد گردید. 2 In this study, the effects of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) with two levels of 2 and 4 mg/kg and vitamin C with two levels of 200 and 800 mg/kg diet and their combined levels in 9 treatments and each treatment with 3 repelications on 270 Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) with an initial average weight of 11.51±0.29 g were evaluated for 12 weeks. Based on the results, the mean final weight and length of the fish in 4 mg/kg CoCl2 were significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the weight gain, body weight gain and food conversion ratio between the treatments and the control group (p>0.05). The results of blood and biochemical indices showed that the highest number of red and white blood cells was observed in the treatments of 2 mg/kg CoCl2+200 and 800 mg/kg vitamin C, respectively. The highest percentage of neutrophils was observed in 800 mg/kg vitamin C treatment, which showed a significant difference with treatments 2 CoCl2, 800 C+4 CoCl2, 800 C+2 CoCl2, 200 C+4 CoCl2 and control (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the percentage of lymphocytes in 800 mg/kg vitamin C and 800 mg/kg vitamin C + 2 mg/kg CoCl2 treatments compared to the control group (p<0.05). The lowest percentage of monocytes was in the control group (p<0.05). The highest percentage of eosinophils was found in 800 mg/kg vitamin C and 800 mg/kg vitamin C + 2 mg/kg CoCl2 treatments compared to the control group and other treatments (p<0.05). The highest amount of triglyceride and cholesterol was observed in the concentrations of 200 mg/kg vitamin C+4 mg/kg CoCl2 and 4 mg/kg CoCl2, respectively (p<0.05). The results showed that the use of vitamin C and cobalt chloride separately and in combination in the desired weight range had significant effects on growth parameters during the culture period. The effect of vitamin C on some growth and blood indices was higher compared to cobalt chloride. The positive effects of combined treatments were more than individual treatments in most indices. Finally, the diet containing 200 mg/kg vitamin C+4 mg/kg CoCl2 was considered suitable for growth of juvenile Siberian sturgeon. 95 111 2023/10/12023/09/272023/10/182023/11/62023/11/92023/09/262023/11/182023/10/5 1402/7/13 2023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/31 1402/10/10 سید محمدصادق رودبارکی seyed mohamadsadegh Roudbaraki گروه شیلات، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران Iran sadegh.roudbaraki@gmail.com هادی ارشاد لنگرودی Hadi ErshadLangroudi گروه شیلات، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران Iran ershad5353@gmail.com عباسعلی زمینی AbbasAli Zamini گروه شیلات، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران Iran novin.print@yahoo.com بهرام فلاحتکار Bahram Falahatkar گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی ، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، گیلان، ایران Iran falahatkar@guilan.ac.ir رقیه صفری Roghayeh Safari گروه شیلات، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گرگان، گلستان، ایران Iran fisheriessafari@yahoo.com Fish nutrition Sturgeon Dietary supplement Growth Hematology تغذیه ماهی ماهی خاویاری مکمل خوراکی رشد خون‌‌شناسی Abbas, S. and Javed, M., 2016. 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مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ اثر پساب استخرهای پرورش ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) بر عملکرد و غلظت عناصر غذایی در ذرت علوفه‌ای The impact of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ponds effluent on yield and concentration of nutrition elements on silage corn 1 1 در این پژوهش، تأثیر پساب خروجی از استخرهای پرورش ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان بر عملکرد، غلظت و میزان برداشت عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر و عناصر کم‌مصرف در ذرت علوفه‌ای در ایستگاه تحقیقات دامپروری و کشاورزی گلپایگان در استان اصفهان بررسی شد. تعداد 45000 عدد ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان با میانگین وزن 2±10 گرم به طور یکسان در 9 استخر (3/1×2/2×20 متر) رهاسازی و به مدت شش ماه پرورش داده شدند. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کاملاً تصادفی با پنج تیمار و سه تکرار به اجرا در آمد. تیمار‌ها شامل 1) آبیاری با آب چاه بدون کود به عنوان شاهد، 2) آبیاری با آب چاه همراه با مصرف کودهای شیمیایی اوره، سوپر فسفات تریپل و سولفات پتاسیم بر اساس آزمون خاک، 3) آبیاری با آب خروجی از استخر پرورش ماهی بدون افزودن کود، 4) آبیاری با آب خروجی از استخر پرورش ماهی همراه با مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و 5) آبیاری با آب خروجی از استخر پرورش ماهی به همراه مصرف کودهای شیمیایی به میزان 50 درصد بود. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از پساب استخرهای ماهی باعث افزایش عملکرد ذرت و غلظت عناصر روی، مس، نیتروژن، فسفر، منگنز و آهن به ‌طور معنی‌داری در اندام هوایی گیاه ذرت شده است (05/0>p). استفاده از پساب استخر و 50 درصد کود شیمیایی موجب 44 درصد افزایش عملکرد ذرت نسبت به شاهد شده است. علاوه‌براین، استفاده از آب استخر با کود شیمیایی سبب افزایش معنی‌دار جذب عناصر آهن، روی، مس و منگنز از خاک به‌وسیله گیاه ذرت نسبت به تیمار شاهد گردید (05/0>p). بیشترین عملکرد ذرت با مقدار 67/73 تن در هکتار با تفاوت معنی‌داری برای تیمار آبیاری با پساب استخرهای پرورش ماهی به اضافه کود شیمیایی در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد با 4/44 تن در هکتار مشاهده شد (05/0>p). بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد ذرت به‌ترتیب در آبیاری با پساب استخرهای پرورش ماهی همراه با کود شیمیایی و تیمار شاهد به مقدار 7/73 و 4/44 تن در هکتار به‌دست آمد که با یکدیگر اختلاف معنی‌داری داشتند (05/0>p). بنابراین، استفاده از پساب استخر پرورش ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان نه‌تنها باعث افزایش عملکرد ذرت شده بلکه کارآیی کود مصرفی را نیز به ‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش داده است. 2 In this study, the effect of the effluent from rainbow trout ponds was investigated on the yield, concentration and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and micronutrients on the silage corn in the Golpayegan research station for Husbandry and Agriculture in Isfahan. 45000 fish with an average weight of 10 ± 2 g were uniformly divided in 9 ponds (20 × 2.2 × 1.3 m) for six months. The research was conducted in a complete randomized block design with five treatments in triplicate. The treatments were included 1) irrigation with well water without any fertilizer as the control, 2) irrigation with well water and use of urea, triple superphosphate and potassium sulfate as the fertilizers, 3) irrigation with fish ponds effluents without any fertilizer, 4) irrigation with fish ponds effluents and use of the fertilizer, and 5) irrigation with fish ponds effluents with 50 percent of the fertilizer. Results showed that the use of fish ponds effluents significantly caused increasing in corn yield and concentration of zinc, cupper, nitrogen, phosphorus, manganese and iron (p<0.05). In addition, using fish ponds effluents with the 50% of chemical fertilizer led to increase corn yield by 44 percent compared to the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the uptake of iron, zinc, copper and manganese by corn were increased significantly compared to the control group through use of fish ponds effluents water with fertilizer (p<0.05). The highest and lowest yield of corn was obtained in the irrigation with the effluent of fish ponds effluents coupled with chemical fertilizers and the control group, equal to 73.7 and 44.4 tons per hectare, respectively, which had significant difference with each other (p<0.05). Therefore, the use of fish farm effluents for production of corn not only increased the yield but also dramatically enhanced fertilizer utilization. 113 122 2023/10/12023/09/272023/10/182023/11/62023/11/92023/09/262023/11/182023/10/52023/09/13 1402/6/22 2023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/31 1402/10/10 بابک خیامباشی Babak Khayambashi سازمان تحقیقات،، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی Iran bkhayam@yahoo.com سید کمال الدین علامه Sayyed Kamaleddin Allameh سازمان تحقیقات،، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی Iran allameh40@gmail.com علی اصغر شهابی Ali Asghar Shahabi سازمان تحقیقات،، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی Iran ali.a.shahabi@gmail.com Effluent Soil Corn Nutrition elements Fish culture پساب خاک ذرت عناصر غذایی پرورش ماهی Abdolkhanian, N., Elmizadeh, H., Dadolahi sohrab, A., Savari, A. and Fayazmohammadi, M., 2020. Spatial Analysis of Contamination in the Arvand River Using GIS. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 22:261-273. DOI:10.22034/JEST.2021.30534.3895##Ahyaei, M.A. and Behbahanizadeh, A.A., 1993. Soil chemical analysis methods. Leaflet No. 893. Soil and Water Research Institute.iran. 79 P [in Persian]##Allameh. S. K., Soofiani, N. and Nahavandi, R., 2017. Study of dietary digestible and metabolizable energy to protein ratio on growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal, 26(1):15-23. DOI:10.22092/ISFJ.2017.110327##Babaei, H., 2012. Evaluation of coldwater fish farms effluents effects on agriculture farms. Research Final Report, Iranian Fisheries Sciense Research Institute, Iran. 45 P. DOI:10.2307/R-1055040 [in Persian]##Coldebella, A., Gentelini, A.L., Piana, P.A., Coldebella, P.F., Boscolo, W.R. and Feiden, A., 2018. Effluents from fish farming ponds: A View from the perspective of its main components. Sustainability, 10(3):1-16. DOI:10.3390/su10010003##Gheibi, M. N., Asadi F. and Tehrani M.M., 2013. Guide to integrated management of soil fertility and corn nutrition. Soil and Water Research Institute - Karaj, Iran. 37 P. DOI:978-600-95168-0-3 [in Persian]##Graber, A. and Junge, R., 2009. Aquaponic Systems: Nutrient recycling from fish wastewater by vegetable production. Desalination, 246(1-3):147-156. DOI:10.1016/j.desal.2008.03.048##Kaab Omeir, M. Jafari A., Roosta H. and Shirmardi M., 2020. Effect of nutrition of fish farm effluent on basil and purslane production. Horticultural Plants Nutrition, 2(2):32-44 DOI:10.22070/hpn.2020.4898.1053 [in Persian]##Malakuti, M.J. and Gheibi, M.N., 2000. Determining the critical limit of effective nutrients in soil, plant and fruit (second edition). Publication of agricultural education, Iran. 92 P. [in Persian]##Meso, B.M., Wood, C.W., Karanja, N.K., Veverica, K.L., Wooner, P.L. and Kinyali, S.M., 2004. Effect of fish pond effluents irrigation on French beans in Central Kenya. Commun. Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 35(7-8):1021-1031. DOI:10.1081/CSS-120030578##Motesharezadeh, B., Arasteh, A., Pourbabaee, A.A. and Rafiee, Gh.R., 2015. The effect of zeolite and nitrifying bacteria on remediation of nitrogenous wastewater substances derived from carp breeding farm. International Journal of Environmental Research, 9(2):553-560. ##Musa, J.J., Dada, P.O.O., Adewumi, J.K., Akpoebidimiyen, O.E., Musa, E.T., Otache, M.Y. and Yusuf, S., 2020. Fish pond effluent effect on physicochemical properties of soils in Southern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria. Open Access Library Journal, 7:1-16. DOI:10.4236/oalib.1105990##Ojobor, S.A. and Tobih, F.O., 2015. Effects of fish pond effluent and inorganic fertilizer on Amaranthus yield and soil chemical properties in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 4(1):237-244. DOI:10.15640/jaes.v4n1a29##Sharifi-Moghadam, M. and Bozorgnia, F., 2010. Systemic participatory management of sustainable agricultural development to protect and support the biodiversity of Zagros. Proceedings of the first national conference on threats and factors of biodiversity destruction in Central Zagros region. Isfahan, Iran, pp. 99-104. [in Persian]##Tahoori, P. and Parvin, M.R., 2016. Conservation and sustainable use of soil and Its Stand in International Environmental Law. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 18(2):145-161. DOI:10.2307/9108 [in Persian]##Walinga, I., Vanderlee, J., Houba, V.J., Vanvark, W. and Novozamsky, I., 2013. Plant analysis manual. Springer Science and Business Media, New York , USA. 257 P. DOI:10.1007/978-94-011-0203-2##Yousefi, B., 2001. Investigating the effect of the output water of dual-purpose pools on soil fertility and agricultural products (wheat, alfalfa, and potato) in Qorve region of Kurdistan. Pajouhesh-VA-Sazandegi, 14(3):46-53. [in Persian]## ##

مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ تغییرات فیتوشیمیایی جلبک سبز Ulva lactuca و جلبک قهوه‌ای Sargassum vulgare در فصل‌های زمستان و بهار Phytochemical variations of green algae, Ulva lactuca, and brown algae, Sargassum vulgare, in winter and spring seasons 1 1 فرآورده‌‌های طبیعی جلبک‌‌های دریایی به دلیل کاربرد در زمینه‌های مختلف دارویی، تغذیه‌ای و کشاورزی در دنیا مورد توجه قرار گرفته‌‌اند. تحقیقات اخیر نشان داده ‌است که متابولیت‌‌های دریایی می‌توانند آینده اقتصاد زیستی را شکل دهند. جمعیت‌های فراوانی از جلبک‌های جنس Ulva و Sargassum در سواحل جنوبی ایران وجود دارد. لذا، در این پژوهش، جمعیت‌های U. lactuca و S. vulgare از سواحل بوشهر جمع‌آوری و رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی، کربوهیدرات‌های محلول، پروتئین کل و ترکیبات اسانس آنها در فصل‌های زمستان و بهار بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که گونه S. vulgare در بهار و گونه U. lactuca در زمستان دارای بیشترین میزان کلروفیل‌ها و کاروتنوئید کل بودند. میزان کربوهیدرات‌های محلول گونه U. lactuca در بهار نسبت به زمستان افزایش معنی‌داری داشت. میزان پروتئین کل در هر دو گونه در زمستان نسبت به بهار به ‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. ترکیبات عمده اسانس هر دو گونه شامل هیدروکربن‌های آلکانی بود که اغلب درصد فراوانی بیشتری در زمستان داشتند. در فصل بهار، اسیدهای چرب و ترکیبات آروماتیک دارای حلقه‌(های) فنیل در اسانس دو گونه مشاهده شد. با توجه به تغییر محتوای متابولیت‌‌های موجود در این گونه‌ها همراه با تغییرات فصلی، نتایج حاضر می‌تواند در انتخاب هدفمند گونه جلبکی و زمان برداشت مناسب جهت کاربردهای مختلف مؤثر باشد. 2 The natural products of seaweeds have been taken into consideration due to their application in various fields of medicine, nutrition, and agriculture in the world. Recent research has shown that marine metabolites can form the future of the bioeconomy. There are many populations of Ulva and Sargassum algae on the southern coasts of Iran, and therefore, in this research, the populations of U. lactuca and S. vulgare were collected from the shores of Bushehr, and their photosynthetic pigments, soluble carbohydrates, total protein and compounds in essential oils were investigated in the winter and spring seasons. The results showed that S. vulgare in spring and U. lactuca in winter had the highest amount of chlorophylls and total carotenoids. The amount of soluble carbohydrates in U. lactuca significantly increased in spring compared to winter. The amount of total protein in both species significantly increased in winter compared to spring. The main components of the essential oils of both species included alkane hydrocarbons, which often had a higher abundance percentage in winter. In spring, fatty acids and aromatic compounds with phenyl ring(s) were observed in the essential oils of these species. Considering the changes in the content of metabolites in these species along with seasonal changes, the present results can be effective in the targeted selection of algal species and the appropriate harvesting time for special applications. 123 141 2023/10/12023/09/272023/10/182023/11/62023/11/92023/09/262023/11/182023/10/52023/09/132023/12/31 1402/10/10 2023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/312023/12/31 1402/10/10 احسان نظیفی Ehsan Nazifi دانشگاه مازندران Iran e.nazifi@umz.ac.ir فاطمه طریحی زاده Fatemeh Toreihizadeh دانشگاه مازندران Iran fateme.t.z94@gmail.com Biochemical changes Seasonal changes Seaweed Persian Gulf Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry تغییرات بیوشیمیایی تغییرات فصلی جلبک دریایی خلیج فارس کروماتوگرافی گازی-طیف سنجی جرمی Adderley, A., Wallace, S., Stubbs, D., Bowen-O’Connor, C., Ferguson, J., Watson, C. and Gustave, W., 2023. 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A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical biochemistry, 72(1-2):248-254. DOI:10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3##Buschmann, A.H., Vásquez, J.A., Osorio, P., Reyes, E., Filún, L., Hernández-González, M.C. and Vega, A., 2004. The effect of water movement, temperature and salinity on abundance and reproductive patterns of Macrocystis spp. (Phaeophyta) at different latitudes in Chile. Marine Biology, 145:849-862. DOI:10.1007/s00227-004-1393-8##Chan, C.X., Ho, C.L. and Phang, S.M., 2006. Trends in seaweed research. Trends in Plant Science, 11(4):165-166. DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2006.02.003##Chandini, S.K., Ganesan, P. and Bhaskar, N., 2008. In vitro antioxidant activities of three selected brown seaweeds of India. Food chemistry, 107(2):707-713. DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.08.081##Chudasama, N.A., Sequeira, R.A., Moradiya, K. and Prasad, K., 2021. 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