2024-03-29T17:15:20+03:30 http://isfj.ir/browse.php?mag_id=21&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
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ISFJ isfj 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 2014 23 2 Effects of different salinity on number and area of chloride cells in gill of juvenile grouper (Epinephelus coioides) M. R. Pourkhadje R. Abdi abdir@kmsu.ac.ir H. Zolgharnein H. Hoseinzade Sahaf H. Morovvati The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of osmoregulation by mitochondria-rich cells in grouper fish with high tolerance of salinity variation levels. For this purpose, groupers were transferred from salt water with an average salinity of 40 ppt to the waters with 10 ppt, 20 ppt and 60 ppt rates of salinity. Changes in the number and area of chloride cells in the different treatments were observed during two months adjustment period. Experiment was carried out by sampling three fish from each tank within 8 phases at the moment of the transition, 12 hours, day 1, day 3, day 7, day 14, day 30 and day 60. Histomorphological and immunohistochemical observations were done after fixing in Bouin's solution for 24 hours. Samples were dehydrated with increasing series of ethanol, followed by paraffin, and cleared by xylene. Paraffin blocks were cut at 5 microns and stained by hematoxylin – eosin. Changes in the number and area of chloride cells in 5% level were very different at high and brackish salinity. So in the early hours of the transfer, number and area of chloride cells were low in the brackish water than to that in high salinity. From second week towards the end of period, number of chloride cells in 60 ppt was more than that in control treatment from seventh days towards the end of period, the area of chloride cells was more than that in control group. The high ability and adaptability of this species in response to different environmental salinities might be associated with changes in gill histological evaluation and model osmoregulation mechanisms at different salinities. Juvenile's grouper Salinity Gill Chloride cell 2014 7 01 1 10 http://isfj.ir/article-1-1248-en.pdf 10.22092/ISFJ.2014.103685
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ISFJ isfj 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 2014 23 2 Population genetic structure of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) between South Caspian Sea and Sefidrud River using DNA sequencing method F. Chakmehdouz Ghasemi chakmehdouz13@yahoo.com M. Pourkazemi M. Yarmohammadi M. Hasanzadeh Saber A. Ghoroghi L. Azizzadeh Pormehr The goal of this study was to analyse the population genetic structure of the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) between South Caspian Sea and Sefidrud River with mtDNA control region (D-loop gene) and DNA sequencing method during 2010 – 2012 sturgeon stock assessment project. Fish speciemns were collected by bottom trawl net. Extraction of DNA, PCR and DNA sequencing were carried out. Diversity index, the gamma distribution shape parameter for the rate heterogeneity among sites and nucleotide sequence, Fst index, exact test, the historical demographic pattern using neutrality tests and mismatch distribution analysis (D test of Tajima and Fs test of Fu) were analysed. Thirteen haplotypes were obtained, average (±SD) for haplotype diversity was 0.961 ± 0.101, nucleotide diversity was 0.038 ± 0.015, the gamma distribution shape parameter was 0.19, Fst index revealed little genetic structure between populations and the significant Fst value was seen by 10000 permutation only between Sefidrud River and Other Areas (P≤ 0.05) and was confirmed by exact test of population differentiation. Mismatch distribution for Acipenser persicus appeared to be unimodal, which closely matched the expected distributions under the sudden expansion model and supported by the low Harpending’s Raggedness index (0.061). Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs statistics were -0.84 and -0.220, respectively, and was not significant. The results of this study showed that the population of Acipenser persicus in Sefidrud River were genetically differentiated from South Caspian Sea and three other areas represented a single panmictic populations. Therefore, fisheries managements of this valuable species should be directed towards conservation of gene pools and increasing different populations. Acipenser persicus population genetic structure South Caspian Sea DNA sequencing 2014 7 01 11 20 http://isfj.ir/article-1-1236-en.pdf 10.22092/ISFJ.2014.103686
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ISFJ isfj 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 2014 23 2 The probiotic effects of dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger on the growth and some immunity factors of cultured juvenile beluga sturgeon (Huso huso) A. Hasanpour Fattahi a.hasanpourf@gmail.com H. Jafaryan A. Khosravi D. Abdollahi Arpanahi This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary autochthonous Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger on the growth performance, survival rate, ammonia excretion, immune response and the intestinal microbiota of juvenile beluga sturgeon (Huso huso). Beluga juveniles with average (±SD) weight of 31.8±2.81 g were randomly allocated into 12 oval tanks (1000 l) at a density of 30 fish per tank and triplicate groups and were fed either with a basal control diet (no supplemented with probiotic) or with the basal diet supplemented with S. cerevisiae and A. niger (2×106, 4×106 and 6×106 cells g-1). After 8 weeks of feeding on the experimental diets, growth factors, survival rate, ammonia excretion, immunity parameters and gut microbiota were measured. The results indicated that dietary supplementation of 6×106 (cells g-1) S. cerevisiae and A. niger significantly improved growth indicators, survival rate, immune parameters and ammonia excretion compared to the control treatment. Additionally, total autochthonous intestinal fungus probiotic and Lactobacillus spp. counts were affected by dietary treatment. The results showed that dietary supplementation of S. cerevisiae and A. niger (6×106 cells g-1) had positive effects on growth and immunity factors in cultured juveniles beluga. Huso huso Growth indicators immunity parameters Saccharomyces cerevisiae Aspergillus niger 2014 7 01 21 33 http://isfj.ir/article-1-1240-en.pdf 10.22092/ISFJ.2014.103689
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ISFJ isfj 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 2014 23 2 The effect of probiotic bactocell on growth performance, blood parameters and some serum parameters in Caspian salmon (Salmo caspius) i A. Hossein hamedmhesh@yahoo.com H. Oraji S. Yegane H. Shahabi The effect of probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici on growth performance, blood and some serum parameters on Caspian salmon (Salmo trutta caspius) was studied. An experiment was designed with five treatments each with three replicates. Two hundred and seventy Caspian salmons average (±SD) initial weight of 6.9 ± 0.1 g were assigned to fifteen experimental tanks. The experimental period was eight weeks. At the end of this period, the growth parameters were measured. In addition, after 8 weeks feeding on experimental diets, hematological parameters and metabolic products (cholesterol, glucose and total protein) were measured. Results showed that feed conversion in five treatments (0.4 g probiotic) significantly was lower than control group. Specific growth rate, final weight and weight gain in treatments (0.2 g) compared with the control group significantly increased. Use of probiotics in the diet, showed no significant differences in hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The mean cellular hemoglobin concentration (MCH) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were significantly increased in five treatments (0.4 g) compared with the control group, but significantly decreased red blood cell counts (RBC) in five treatments. White blood cells also increased the amount of probiotics 0.2 g. The results of this study indicated that 0.2 g/kg Pediococcus acidilactici probiotics in the diet could be a useful food supplement and should be used to improve the growth parameters in Caspian salmon. Pediococcus acidilactici Parameters of blood Growth Caspian salmon 2014 7 01 35 44 http://isfj.ir/article-1-1237-en.pdf 10.22092/ISFJ.2014.103691
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ISFJ isfj 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 2014 23 2 Macroscopic and microscopical investigations of the effects of alcoholic extract of henna (Lawsonia inermis) on skin healing of experimentally induced tissue damage in macro fish (Labidochromis caeruleus) A. Rezaie a.rezaie@scu.ac.ir P. Peighan Z. Toolabi Dezfooli S. Eftekhar Maanavi One of the well-known herbal drugs is henna (Lawsonia inermis). According to the components in henna, several beneficial properties (i.e., antimicrobial, anti-inflammation, wound healing, trypsin inhibitory and antioxidant) have been reported. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of two natural substances (sodium chloride and henna extract) on experimental skin lesion due to pulling out scales and trypsin injection (0/02 ml, beneath dorsal fin). For this purpose, 54 fish in weight 5/5±0/55 of were divided to 3 groups, with eighteen fish in each group. Fishes were placed in laboratory condition in 22-25 ˚C. Two, four and six days after induction of skin injury, fishes were treated with different agents for 10 minutes. First group was treated in salt water 1%, second group in henna extract 0.5% and the control group without any additives. The fish were sampled weekly, 3 times by sampling from the wound. Macroscopic examination showed that color changes of wound place decreased in henna group in comparison with that other groups. In third week of healing, normal appearance of skin were seen in most of fishes in henna and salt groups. Microscopic study revealed a decrease in inflammatory cells infiltration in henna group second week after induction of skin injury. It seems that henna by decreasing inflammatory process, can also prevent skin damage and secondary infections that can help faster and more effective on wound healing than salt bath in fish. Wound healing Alcoholic extract Henna Macro Salt bath 2014 7 01 45 55 http://isfj.ir/article-1-1247-en.pdf 10.22092/ISFJ.2014.103696
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ISFJ isfj 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 2014 23 2 Geometrics morphometric comparison of populations of Waspi Cabdio morar (Hamilton, 1822) in Mashkil and Mokran Basins M. Zamani Faradonbeh man_nasri@yahoo.com S. Eagderi M. Nasri Landmark based geometric morphometrics and comparison of meristic characters was used to understand potential differences between populations of Waspi in Mashkil and Mokran Basins. 97 specimens of Waspies were caught (64 from Mashkil River and 33 from Sarbaz River). 14 landmarks were digitized on pictures taken from left side of specimens and meristic characters were counted. Data were analyzed using PCA and DFA after procrustes superimposition and data standardization. There are some meaningful shape differences between populations (P<0.001). The body and caudal peduncle in Sarbaz fishes where higher than that of Mashkil fishes, but the peduncle in Mashkil River was longer than Sarbaz fishes. Considering to no meaningful differences between the two populations in meristic characteristics and Due to different conditions in the rivers (vegetation density, water depth, water flow and food availably), the observed differences in shape of fishes could be considered as phenotype plasticity to the conditions of the rivers. phenotype plasticity Geometric morphometrics Waspi Cabdio morar 2014 7 01 57 67 http://isfj.ir/article-1-1241-en.pdf 10.22092/ISFJ.2014.103697
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ISFJ isfj 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 2014 23 2 Life cycle of Pharaoh Cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis) under laboratory condition H. Sareban hassan_sareban65@yahoo.com H. Rameshi A. Esmaeili M. Movahedi Nia SH. Saayed Mordi GH. Argangi Pharaoh Cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis) is commercially important and native cephalopods in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. In 2013, a total of 150 eggs of Pharaoh Cuttlefish were collected from 20 m depth in about 6 miles south of Lengeh Port and transferred to the laboratory of Mollusks Research Station in Bandar-e Lengeh. Eggs were incubated in temperature of 27.5±0.5 0C (mean ± SD) and salinity of about 37-38 ppt. After about 15±3 days (mean ± SD), eggs were hatched and the mean (±SD) of mantle length and wet weight of new hatched juveniles were 6.1±0.3 mm and 0.15±.04 g, respectively. In the first month, Artemia, Mysid and PL of L. vannamei shrimps were fed to juveniles and in second month it shifted to fish slices. After 30 days, average (±SD) mantle length and wet weight reached to 18.6±0.6 mm and 1.67±0.14 g, respectively. At the age of 60 days they reached to average (±SD) length of 32.3±4.2 mm and average (±SD) weight of 8.00±3.72 g. At the age of 120 days they reached to average (±SD) length of 74.5±11.3 mm and average (±SD) weight of 55.74±13.81 g. The sex was identified on the day of 150, and mate selecting occurred on 180th day, mating and spawning were occurred in days 208 and 210 of rearing period, respectively. Each female laid average (±SD) 185±30 eggs and average (±SD) life spans for female and male were 212±7 and 218±20 days, respectively. Males were bigger than females and the biggest male reached to 157.9 mm in length and 367.10 g in weight. The biggest female reached to 105.1 mm in length and 227.18 g in weight. Results showed that Pharaoh Cuttlefish could easily be cultured under laboratory condition with possibility of rearing to the next generation after spawning. Pharaoh Cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis Growth Spawning. 2014 7 01 69 76 http://isfj.ir/article-1-1239-en.pdf 10.22092/ISFJ.2014.103698
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ISFJ isfj 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 2014 23 2 Utilization of corn gluten meal as a protein source in great sturgeon( Huso huso) diets in growth up stage M.H. Sayed Hassani mirhamedhassani@yahoo.com M. Mohseni M.A. Yazdani Sadati H.M. Pourali M. Shakorian The utilization of corn gluten meal (CGM) was evaluated as a replacement for fish meal (FM) in practical diets for beluga Huso huso in growth up stage. Four experimental diets (isonitrogenus and isocaloric , 40 % protein and 18 kj/ g diet) were formulated. Fish meal was replaced by CGM at 0%, 20%, 40% and 60% being named as CGM0, CGM20, CGM40 and CGM60, respectively. Fingerlings great sturgeon with an initial body weight of ± 78.876.94gr (mean ±SD) were reared in 12 fiberglass tanks and fed with diets for10 weeks at 20.00± 2 oC. At the end of experiment, growth performance (final weight, body increase weight, specific growth rate) of fish fed CGM20 and CGM40 were significantly higher than fish fed control diet, While feed conversion ratio were lower than fish fed CGM40 and CGM60 compared with control diet. There were not significant difference in condition factor, protein efficiency ratio and body protein in different experimental groups , but body lipid increased as dietary gluten meal increased (P<0.05). Different levels of corn gluten meal did no significantly affect Aspartat amino transferas (AST), Alanin amino transferas (ALT) and Triglyceride, but amount of cholesterol in fish fed diets CGM40 and CGM 60 were significantly lower than control diet (P<0.05). The present study revealed that CGM is a suitable source as replacement with fish meal and might be included in great sturgeon commercial diet up to 60 % with no adverse effect on nutrition efficiency, liver enzymes and biochemical parameters. Huso huso Fish meal Corn Gluten Growth index Body composition Biochemical index. 2014 7 01 77 89 http://isfj.ir/article-1-1238-en.pdf 10.22092/ISFJ.2014.103699
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ISFJ isfj 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 2014 23 2 Factors affecting phytoplankton fluctuations in the Persian Gulf )Bushehr coastal waters) during winter and spring 2012 - 2013 F. Mohsenizadeh fmohsenizadeh@yahoo.com H. Negarestan A. Savari In this study, surface water samples were collected monthly from five stations inclduing Nayband Bay, Assaloye, Dayer, Kabgan and Bushehr from December 2012 to June 2013. Sampling stations were chosen according to data being collected during algal bloom caused by Cochlodinium polykrikoides in 2008. A total of 45 genera of phytoplankton belongs to four classes were totally identified accounting for 53 species of Bacilariophyceae, 32 species of Dinophyceae, one genus of Euglenophyceae, and one genus of Cyanophyceae. Bacilariophyceae with 89.5% was the most abundant family followed by Dinophyceae with 9.03%, Cyanophyceae with 1.25 % and Euglenophyceae with 0.22 %, respectively. The highest phytoplankton abundance was observed in Bushehr and Nayband Bay stations. In addition to statistical tests, Shannon (Shanon-Winner) and dominance indices were investigated. The lowest variability for Shannon index (1.90) was recorded in Bushehr Station in comparison with other stations. The highest Shanon index was in Dayer station (2.90) with the increase of diversity in Dinophyceae. Evidence of coastal pollution in Dayer along with nutrient inputs from land might be effective in increasing the Shannon index. At 80-90% simmilarity, the results of Cluster analysis separated Dayer station from other stations. It seems that a part of uniformity in phytoplankton abundance is affected by the mild conditions of ambient temperature. The total diversity of phytoplankton in the study area was low. The relative moderation of temperature seems to have contributed to the dominance of diatoms. Yet, the increased volume dust (as emerged by the increased dusty days per year) and the introduction of its accumulation in the Persian Gulf waters, along with other pollutants on phytoplankton communities might be underlaying factors for the dominace of diatoms in the study area. *Corresponding author Phytoplankton Red tide Bushehr coastal waters Persian Gulf. 2014 7 01 91 101 http://isfj.ir/article-1-1253-en.pdf 10.22092/ISFJ.2014.103700
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ISFJ isfj 1026-1354 2322-5998 10.18869/acadpub.isfj 2014 23 2 The effect of photoperiod on stomach and intestinal digestive enzymes in Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae and juvenile S. Yeganeh skyeganeh@gmail.com F. Ramzanzadeh KH. Jani Khalili S. Babaei This study investigated the ontogeny of some digestive enzyme and explored the effects of photoperiod on stomach (pepsin) and intestine enzyme activity (alkaline phosphatase and N-amino peptidase) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae juvenile. About 3600 larval rainbow trout in first feeding (18 days after hatching) with an average initial weight 119±0.009 mg were distributed in plastic tanks in four treatments (300 larvae in each replicate). Four light treatments consisting of 14 to 10 h, 10 to 14 h, 4 to 20 h and 24 to 0 h (light: dark), were compared in triplicates for 6 weeks.. Finally, a random sampling from larvae was undertaken on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 39 and 44 days after the onset of first feeding. According to the results, the digestive enzymes activity in fish larvae and juveniles had a similar change trend with age at all photoperiods. In addition, at the end of experiment, the specific activity of pepsin and N-amino peptidase were the highest in 24h Light treatment, but there was no significant difference in specific activities of alkaline phosphatase (p>0.05). The results demonstrated that growth and digestive enzymes activity of rainbow trout larvae and juvenile are improved by applying of longer photoperiod in rearing conditions. Photoperiod Digestive enzyme Pepsin N-amino peptidase Alkaline phosphatase Rainbow trout. 2014 7 01 103 115 http://isfj.ir/article-1-1242-en.pdf 10.22092/ISFJ.2014.103701