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Effects of chronic toxicity of the heavy metal Cadmium on the growth, survival, digestive enzymes, and some reproductive indices of Artemia urmiana
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Giovanni Libralato1   |
| 1- University of Naples Federico II |
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Abstract: (495 Views) |
| Environmental pollution by heavy metals is considered a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems, and their increase can affect the life cycle and biological reserves of many zooplankton species such as Artemia. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of heavy metal cadmium on the growth, survival, digestive enzymes activity, and some reproductive characteristics of Artemia urmiana were evaluated. For this purpose, the LC50 of cadmium chloride was determined for 24 and 72 hours in the nauplii and adult stages using probit statistical analysis. The average LC50 of 72 hours was used to investigate the chronic toxicity and nauplii was cultured in 3 treatments including the control group, 10% LC50 and 20% LC50 for 21 days. The results showed that different concentrations of cadmium chloride decreased the growth of A. urmiana on 17 and 21 days (p<0.05). Also, a decrease in survival rate was observed on all rearing days and the highest decrease (28.9%) was observed in the 20% LC50 group (p<0.05). The activity of digestive enzymes was not affected by cadmium chloride (p>0.05), however, the activity of alkaline protease and alpha-amylase increased and the activity of lipase decreased with an increase in cadmium chloride concentration. Also, reproductive indices including, the percentage of cyst formation and the number of offspring per reproduction were not affected by the concentration of cadmium chloride (p>0.05). However, the frequency of reproduction and the total number of births decreased and the number of daily births increased (p<0.05). In conclusion, cadmium chloride led to a decrease in growth and survival and changes in the digestive enzyme activity and reproductive indices of A. urmiana. Therefore, more attention should be paid in relation to how to manage the disposal of polluted wastes. |
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| Keywords: Cadmium chloride, Growth, Survival, Digestive enzymes, Artemia urmiana |
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Full-Text [PDF 701 kb]
(154 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
فيزيولوژي آبزيان
Received: 2024/08/3 | Accepted: 2024/08/31 | Published: 2024/10/2
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